Safety training is divided into several types. Compliance with the requirements that relate to the specifics of training in labor protection issues, the analysis of the knowledge of employees, including the head, is mandatory for all organizations, not taking into account the legal form.
Classification
Safety training is an important stage of activity in any company, including in general educational institutions. They are divided by purpose, nature, timing, official, and also authorized to carry them out. All issues of ensuring industrial safety are decided by an engineer or a specialist with a certain qualification.
Introductory Option
Safety training is carried out by a certified specialist or the person whose powers include such functions in full accordance with the order.
In large companies, employees who are responsible for medical and fire safety are involved in coaching.
Safety training is carried out with those employees who entered the work, regardless of length of service, age, level of education.
It is compulsory for pupils and students who, for example, undergo practical training, as well as for seconded employees and temporary workers.
The program, according to which the employees are given introductory instruction, is developed on the basis of the legislation of the Russian Federation, taking into account certain aspects of the enterprise. It is approved by the employer or authorized persons in the prescribed manner.
Issues to be addressed in briefing
The following safety instructions should include:
- General information about the enterprise, the specifics of the production process.
- The norms of Russian legislation in this area.
- Local regulatory and legal documents.
- The internal rules of the company, as well as liability for violating them.
- Benefits and competencies that are provided to employees.
- Harmful production factors.
Introductory briefing of workers on safety should display information about all collective and personal protective equipment available at the enterprise, as well as the sequence of their issuance. What else should be in its content?
Introductory briefing on safety at the workplace should include first aid issues for those who suffered during fires due to accidents.
A similar briefing is conducted with employees in the office for labor protection. It involves the use of technical teaching aids and visual aids.
Its duration should be consistent with the program.
Primary Counseling Option
Its specificity lies in the fact that the instruction is carried out not in the office of a specialist in labor protection, but directly at the workplace. Conducting safety training is regulated by Russian law. Those who are required to undergo it are identified:
- new employees, including homeworkers, part-time workers working under a fixed-term contract, as well as seasonal workers;
- persons who are transferred from one structural unit to another;
- employees who are seconded from third-party companies;
- field students;
- other persons participating in the activities of the enterprise.
By order of the head, some categories of employees may be exempted from the initial briefing procedure. For example, among them may be a secretary, clerk, accountant.
Persons whose work is not related to the repair, operation, maintenance, commissioning of equipment, the use of raw materials and their processing are exempted from instruction.
It is carried out at the workplace before the employee or a group of persons conducts professional activities. An example of such a briefing is the preparation of children for independent experiments in biology, chemistry, geography. Without initial coaching, it is forbidden to work with equipment in the classes of service workers.
Re-instate
It is held at least once every six months. The program is similar to the primary version, and the date is recorded in the safety briefing journal. Such events are of particular importance in the framework of preschool institutions, gymnasiums, lyceums. For example, before conducting practical work on electricity in grades 8, the teacher repeats the algorithm of students' actions every hour, asking them questions on the topic of instruction. This allows you to reduce the risk of accidents in physics lessons, protects the teacher from unpleasant situations associated with violations by schoolchildren of his recommendations.
Unscheduled briefing
Spend it in certain situations:
- upon entry into force of changes in domestic law relating to labor protection;
- with changes in the manufacturing process;
- in case of modernization of equipment, mechanisms;
- in case of violation of labor protection requirements that led to an accident, accident;
- at the request of supervisory authorities and officials;
- in the event of a break in work of more than thirty days for posts with harmful and dangerous factors, sixty days for other employees;
- by the sole decision of the employer.
Such briefing is carried out only for those employees who are associated with the circumstances listed above. A mark on its holding is placed in a special journal.
Target briefing
It is carried out under the following circumstances:
- in case of one-time work;
- when carrying out mass events in the company;
- liquidation of accidents, emergency situations.
Its content and scope is determined by specific circumstances.
TB Magazine Design Requirements
Any safety briefing at school or at the enterprise should be displayed in a special magazine of the established form. The number of columns, the form, their content is determined by GOST 12.0.004-90.
For example, during an introductory briefing, the date, year of birth of the instructed, his name, profession (position), as well as the name of the production unit, the position of the specialist who conducted it, then each puts his signature.
Work on labor protection in educational institutions
Depending on the specialization, there are requirements for conducting briefings for students.
For example, a chemistry teacher before each practical work conducts ongoing safety briefings for students. He puts a mark on its holding in an electronic journal.
In addition, there are special types of briefings that class teachers conduct before leaving schoolchildren outside the educational institution.
There are certain requirements for employees of public institutions who are hired by the school (kindergarten).
Upon admission to work, as well as during work (with a frequency of once every six months), briefing is given on labor protection issues, rules of conduct in the event of an accident, accidents.
Admission to work of persons who have not been instructed, trained, or tested on labor protection knowledge is prohibited.
Kindergarten and school employees are required to:
- comply with internal regulations, work in good faith;
- comply with the rules of requirements for OT, which are provided for by the relevant instructions;
- protect materials, tools, teaching aids, educate schoolchildren with respect for the property of an educational institution;
- once a year to undergo a medical examination.
Protecting the health of schoolchildren during training sessions, as well as during extra-curricular activities, is the primary task of the teaching staff of the educational institution.
In order to prevent negative consequences, teachers pay special attention to the implementation of preventive, preventive measures.
Conclusion
The fundamental legislative acts on labor protection, which guide the heads of state institutions, including schools, include the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law on compulsory insurance of employees against accidents at the enterprise, as well as against occupational diseases.
The law states that the employee has the right to refuse the work entrusted to him in the event that a situation is created that is dangerous to his health and life.
If, nevertheless, an accident occurs, the reason for which was the employee's non-compliance with the requirements of regulatory acts on labor protection, in this case the amount of assistance is determined by the accident investigation commission.
Workers have the right to:
- rest in full accordance with the law on the limitation of the week and day, paid vacation;
- safe and healthy working conditions;
- material support in the order of social insurance for sickness, old age, disability, material assistance for unemployment;
- resolution of labor and collective conflicts.