At the factory there are many adverse situations, which include accidents, malfunctions. All this threatens the life and health of people. There is such a thing as hazard identification. The term implies the possibility of revealing the type of negative situation, as well as identifying factors of its origin. It is used not only in production, but also in everyday life.
The concept
Hazard identification - recognition of the type of hazard, determination of its causes, time and consequences. To establish the nature of the negative situation, you need to learn all about its external expression, the form of manifestation.
Hazards include an earthquake, volcanic eruption, accident, strong wind. It is important to determine the cause, to find out what influenced its occurrence. This may be due to human negligence, natural phenomena, deliberate actions of people, as well as equipment malfunction.
Hazard groups
Hazard identification allows you to determine the type of disaster. This helps in the future to prevent such phenomena. There are dangers:
- natural;
- man-made;
- environmental;
- biological;
- social.
Hazards can occur due to not only single factors, but also their combination. These may be intentional actions of a person that are combined with natural phenomena. An example is a campfire in a forest during dry and hot times, which causes a fire.
The definition of the space of occurrence of danger is related to the causes of emergency. It is absolutely clear that the fire spreads quickly in a dry environment where there is air. And in a room with humidity, this phenomenon cannot be observed.
Hazard identification involves the identification of time parameters, the likelihood of occurrence and course. Time frames are divided into 2 periods. The first includes the time of exposure to causes that affect the appearance of dangers, lasting until the first signs of an emergency, and the second - the time of causing harm to the object. To determine the degree of risk, you need to know about the consequences of the hazard, that is, about the harm that may be caused.
About classification
Usually in production there is a classification of emergencies. If there is a risk of hazards, then equipment that is sometimes expensive is used to prevent it. But financial costs will still be less than when the consequences of the danger would have to be eliminated. An important place in production is the identification of the dangers of man-made sources. These adverse situations occur due to emergencies at technical facilities. Therefore, all employees must comply with safety regulations, depending on the position. The other side of the dangers is the stress of people who were at the epicenter of emergency. The various services are involved in the prevention of various social consequences.
Risk assessment
This term refers to the establishment in the process of labor of dangers, the identification of their magnitude and significance. Hazard identification and risk assessment are interconnected. This work takes into account negative events and accidents. Risk assessment is carried out on the basis of the following steps:
- planning;
- recognition of factors;
- determination of risk;
- decision;
- selection and implementation of the event.
The degree of risk needs to be known in order to prevent similar situations in the future. This will save the lives of workers, as well as not stop the production process.
Employer Responsibilities
Compliance with safety rules plays a huge role in preventing emergencies. Moreover, not only employees, but also employers have them:
- creating suitable working conditions that are in compliance with standards;
- compliance with the certification of jobs;
- organization of medical examination of employees;
- during medical examinations, the preservation of the place of work and salary of employees.
Organizational implementation of labor protection standards allows to establish the effective work of production. To do this, regular events should be held.
Occupational Safety and Health
The workplace must comply with sanitary standards, safe conditions. If the production is harmful, then employees should be compensated for this. This is labor protection.
To ensure safety, regulatory and regulatory documents are applied. According to the first, the norms of working conditions are established, that is, requirements for the degree of harmful factors. Such documentation includes standards and norms of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Regulatory and technical documentation consists of instructions, norms and rules. They are necessary to protect employees from various negative factors. Their observance is mandatory for all, without exception.