Currently, all kinds of mental disorders have become especially widespread in medical practice. As a result of the high informatization of society, as well as the high psychological and emotional workload of people, there is an increase in the incidence of mental illness. At the same time, if earlier the majority of these diseases were characteristic of the elderly, then at present the younger generation is subject to these mental pathologies.
All mental disorders can be divided into: depression, personality disorders, epileptic seizures, schizophrenia and neurotic mental disorders.
Types of disorders vary depending on the etiological factors, manifestations and age characteristics. So among depressions, depressions of the elderly and depressions of childhood are distinguished. A separate group includes postpartum depression. Personality disorders are divided into: dissocial, hysterical, neurotic, paranoid, schizoid and emotionally unstable. Apart from all other mental illnesses, there are such mental disorders as schizophrenia, anorexia nervosa, and epilepsy.
One way or another, all mental disorders of the cause of development have their own. Most doctors tend to think about the psychogenic nature. As a result of this, the specific causes that led to the development of a particular mental disorder, most often remain unclear.
As for non-psychogenic factors, one of them may be an infectious disease such as encephalitis or meningitis (which disrupts the normal functioning of the brain). One of the established etiological factors that cause mental disorders is the impact on the body of specific chemicals (which may be part of the components of food, drugs, as well as industrial and household poisons).
Perhaps the development of mental impairment under the influence of impaired functioning of other organs and systems. Such etiological agents can be: exhaustion, lack of vitamins, as well as violations in the endocrine system.
One of the reasons for the formation of mental disorders is a brain injury. In addition, the development of this list of diseases is also possible as a result of pathological processes occurring in the brain (oncological diseases of the brain, its strokes and heart attacks).
Most often in recent years, mental illness has developed as a result of intoxication (alcohol and drugs).
In addition to all of the above, for some pathologies, for example, schizophrenia and others, a hereditary character is characteristic. The likelihood of developing mental disorders is several times higher in cases of the presence of such diseases in relatives.
As for the manifestations of mental disorders, there are a huge number of them, ranging from hallucinations and delusions, and ending with disorders of memory and consciousness.
The treatment of mental disorders is usually long-term and multi-component. Moreover, the effectiveness of the treatment is not always high.
Measures for the prevention of mental disorders include the timely prevention and treatment of infectious diseases and organic pathologies of the brain, the elimination of contact with psychotropic poisons and other chemical compounds. In addition, in difficult life situations, visits to psychologists and psychotherapists are recommended, which will help to understand the current situation and avoid the development of depression.