The medical commission must be passed when replacing the certificate (due to the expiration of its expiration date) or upon the initial receipt of a document authorizing to drive a car or other motor vehicle. Since 2016, an examination involves a visit to two doctors: an ophthalmologist and a therapist. The latter signs a conclusion only if the candidate for motorists does not have any visual impairment for obtaining a driverās license.
The need for an examination by an ophthalmologist
A document on the successful passage of a medical commission is not issued in the absence of the results of diagnostic measures from an ophthalmologist. Consultation with this specialist is important not only for the candidate for drivers, but also for other people who are participants in the road traffic. This is due to the fact that a person with severe visual impairment can provoke an emergency. For example, he may not see a pedestrian walking, approaching vehicles, prohibition and warning signs, obstacles, etc. As a result, there is a risk of a traffic accident.
Visual acuity test
The physician needs to evaluate the ability of the patientās eyes to distinguish points that are at some distance from each other. The Soviet scientist D.A.Sivtsev developed and introduced a technique with the help of which preventive examinations are currently being carried out and vision restrictions are identified or eliminated to obtain a driverās license.
The essence of the method is as follows: a person sits on a chair at a 5-meter distance from the wall on which a special table is placed. Russian letters of different sizes are applied to it. In this case, the largest objects are located at the top, small ones - at the bottom. The patient needs to close one eye and name any letter that the doctor will indicate. If the objects are not clearly visualized, the specialist suggests the subject to wear a tool with a corrective lens. Then the procedure is repeated in relation to the other eye.
Based on the results of the study, the ophthalmologist evaluates the patientās ability to see both far and near objects. As a result, the visual impairment of a driverās license is revealed or eliminated.
If the patient wears lenses or glasses, verification is carried out directly in them. The doctor must understand whether the visual acuity of a person has changed since he was prescribed corrective drugs.
If abnormalities are found, the ophthalmologist recommends purchasing lenses or glasses and coming back for an examination. In most cases, doctors do not sign a report until they are satisfied that the patient has acquired the corrective. In any case, the form will indicate that the person wears glasses or lenses. If the driver will drive without corrective means, he faces an impressive monetary fine.
Permissible indicators of visual acuity
The conclusion of the medical commission and, accordingly, the right to drive a car or other motorized vehicle are issued to drivers who do not have contraindications. In these individuals, the severity should be within normal limits.
Regarding what the minimum vision for obtaining a driverās license is permissible:
- For category B. The acuity should be not less than 0.2 units in one eye and not less than 0.6 in the other.
- For category C. Norm - not less than 0.8 in one eye and not less than 0.4 units in the other.
- For category A, A1 and B2. Visual acuity should be not less than 0.6 units in one eye and not less than 0.2 in the other.
In some cases, blindness of one eye is diagnosed. In such situations, an acceptable value for another is an indicator of at least 0.8 units.
If the acuity of both eyes is the same (that is, there is no lead), the norm for them is a level of at least 0.7.
Color Test
Color blindness is an absolute visual impairment for obtaining a driverās license. In other words, a document authorizing to drive a vehicle is not issued to persons with color impairment.
This prohibition is due to the fact that people with color blindness do not distinguish between traffic signals. As a result, their actions on the road can provoke an accident.
Color perception is checked using the Rabkin table. Based on the results of a study, a person is assigned to one of the following groups:
- Trichromats. These are individuals without color impairment.
- Protanopes. Deviations were revealed in this category of persons in the red spectrum.
- Deuteranopes. These are people with a violation of color perception in the green spectrum.
In addition, the patient needs to voice what figures he sees in the picture proposed by the doctor with multi-colored circles. If he does not distinguish between them, it is customary to talk about violations.
Outlook
Good visual acuity to get a driverās license is not enough. The horizon should be at least 20 degrees. If it is already, a person is not allowed to drive a vehicle.
It is important to understand that a small indicator of horizons often indicates the development of a pathological process. For example, it often accompanies the course of glaucoma and cataracts. In addition, narrowing of the horizons is often a symptom of retinal detachment. All of the above pathologies are absolute vision restrictions for obtaining a driverās license.
At the same time, a person is not forbidden to contact a medical institution with a request to undergo surgery. After a successful surgical intervention, it is permissible to undergo a medical commission again. If all contraindications for vision for obtaining a driverās license are excluded, including the restoration of a normal indicator of severity, the doctor no longer makes a note that the person is wearing any corrective means.
Other restrictions
In the presence of some pathologies, it is forbidden to drive a vehicle. These include the following eye diseases:
- Glaucoma. In this case, the stage of the disease and the severity of clinical signs are of fundamental importance. At the early stage of the development of the disease, the doctor can sign a conclusion, but the patient is recommended to undergo a course of treatment to prevent further progression of the pathology.
- Retinal disinsertion.
- The presence of an inflammatory process in the lacrimal sac. The conclusion can only be signed if the patient has successfully undergone surgery to eliminate the pathology.
- Diseases of the optic nerve.
- Diplopia. This term refers to a pathological condition characterized by a bifurcation of objects in the eyes of a person.
- Impaired visibility. It occurs against the background of pathological changes affecting the muscle tissue of the eyelid and mucous membranes.
After any surgical intervention in the eyes, at least 3 months should pass. Only after this period, the doctor will be able to evaluate a positive result and exclude the presence of visual impairment in order to obtain a driver's license category B, C or A.
Penalties
Currently, there is no such rule in the SDA that would regulate cases of driving without glasses or lenses. In addition, the āCode of Administrative Offensesā also has no article on this topic. Accordingly, a driver who drives without corrective measures should not be held liable.
In practice, everything is in a completely different way. Riding without lenses or glasses can result in a heavy fine for the driver. At the same time, traffic police inspectors are guided by Article 25 and Clause 11 of the Federal Law āOn Road Traffic Safetyā. According to this document, a driverās license is only valid if the person complies with all the restrictions specified in the document. Thus, riding without corrective means, if there are appropriate marks, threatens a monetary fine. The size of the latter varies between 5000-15000 rubles.
In addition, the inspector has the right to organize the evacuation of the vehicle of the offender. And this will entail additional costs.
A fine can be avoided only if the driver can convincingly prove to the inspector that he did not have time to put on his glasses, but they are nearby.
Is it possible to get a medical report if there are absolute contraindications?
Definitely not. Currently, there are more and more advertisements calling not to waste precious time and to get a medical report at a reasonable price.
Trusting organizations of this kind is not worth it. Firstly, the authenticity of the certificate is easy to verify. Secondly, the provision of a fake medical report to the traffic police is a crime. For it, the violator will have to bear criminal responsibility. According to the current legislation, punishment involves imprisonment for 2 years or correctional labor for the same period.
Finally
There are several vision requirements for obtaining a driverās license. A person should have a normal rate of severity. In addition, an assessment of color perception and horizons. If the patient has deviations from the permissible visual acuity, to obtain a driverās license, he needs to purchase glasses or lenses and undergo a study again. In the presence of serious eye pathologies, color blindness or narrow horizons, a medical opinion is not signed.