The provisions of SNiP “Earthworks, foundations and foundations” must be observed in the preparation of projects, in the production of works that are carried out in the construction of new facilities, as well as the reconstruction and expansion of existing ones. These rules came into force on July 1, 1988.
SNiP "Foundations and Foundations" regulates the production of work, the implementation of which must comply with the requirements relating to the organization of the construction process, geodetic measurements. Safety precautions and fire regulations must also be observed at the facility. All constructed structures must strictly comply with the developed project. The materials and structures used at the construction site, as well as the soils and products used to erect the earthworks, foundations and foundations, must be in strict accordance with the existing standard and technical conditions. Their replacement is possible only with the consent of the project developers and the customer.
SNiP "Foundations and Foundations" indicates the need to draw up an act that should certify hidden work. The provisions of this document allow the appointment in projects (if there are appropriate justifications) of methods of work and technical solutions, as well as the sizes of maximum deviations, methods and boundaries of control, which differ from those contained in the normative act.
SNiP "Foundations and Foundations" regulates the condition of the construction of objects during artificial water depressions. For these purposes, it is recommended to use drainage, needle-type plants, etc. Before starting the earthwork cycle, it is also necessary to ensure drainage. At the same time, existing structures should not be at risk of destruction. In this regard, when carrying out work on the organization of lowering and runoff of surface water, it is necessary to control the values of maximum permissible deviations, which are listed in the corresponding table of the document.
SNiP "Foundations and Foundations" governs the size of the recesses taken in design developments. They must ensure the placement of structural elements, as well as the production of mechanized work performed on:
- driving piles;
- installation of foundation blocks ;
- waterproofing device;
- water reduction;
- to drainage, etc.
The size of the recesses should allow the possibility of movement of construction workers in them. A deviation from the dimensions of the recesses is possible according to the table that is included in this regulatory document.
SNiP "Foundations and Foundations" gives guidance on the need to reflect in the design documentation the mechanical and physical characteristics, as well as the types of those soils that are intended for embankment, backfill. The normative act also contains requirements for the used layers of land cover. They must have a certain degree of density. Soils used for backfill and embankment can be replaced. This is possible only by agreement with the design organization and the customer.
This SNiP provides for the construction of facilities using hydromechanized works. In this case, it is preliminarily made:
- installation of gate signals in previously broken channel slots;
- device jumpers and dams, ditches and water pipes, as well as communication lines and electricity supply;
- installation of fencing signs located along the contour of the passage of the suction dredger, etc.
All actions must be visually monitored and recorded in a special journal.
When carrying out works on the installation of earthworks, foundations and foundations, the requirements relating to the protection of nature must be observed . These provisions are reflected in the design documentation and comply with the standards of applicable laws.