Considering the lists and descriptions of pathologies, we can say that mental illnesses, their symptoms , have rather blurred boundaries. It is sometimes difficult for a highly specialized doctor, and even more so for a patient, to which symptom to attribute to. This makes it difficult to prescribe treatment, because setting the cause is difficult.
Where do psychological disorders end and mental ones begin, what framework do mental illnesses have? Their species are multiple, and therefore in this article we will consider the most common.
Disturbing disorders
Mental illnesses associated with this kind of disorder are quite common. Among them are:
- generalized anxiety;
- post-traumatic stress disorder;
- panic syndrome;
- social anxiety;
- obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Such mental illnesses determine when a person reacts inappropriately to a situation and cannot control himself.
The symptomatic picture is mainly focused on a sense of fear and horror. These sensations are accompanied by a reaction of the nervous system in the form of a rapid heartbeat and increased sweating.
Of course, to find a framework in situations where fear is really appropriate, and when not, is quite difficult because of the individual perception of the reality of each person. And yet, there are times when the clinical picture is obvious.
Psychotic disorders
Mental illnesses of this category are mainly manifested in the form of distorted thinking and ideas about the world.
Hallucinations and delusions are distinguished from the main symptoms.
- Hallucinations - the perception of nonexistent as real. This includes hearing voices, seeing unrealistic images and objects, the occurrence of sensations that are caused by something that does not happen (for example, it seems that a snail crawls across the skin, which actually does not exist).
- A crazy idea is a false belief, a self-deception that the patient perceives as truth, even if there are inverse arguments. To reassure such a person is impossible.
One example of this category of diseases is schizophrenia.
Eating disorders
Mental illnesses belonging to this category are few and are associated with eating. These include:
- bulimia neurogenic;
- compulsive overeating ;
- neuropsychiatric anorexia.
Symptoms of these pathologies are excessive experiences associated with weight and food. Some patients refuse to eat and significantly lose weight, up to deaths if untreated. They specifically try to lose weight in order to achieve excessive thinness, or because any food is disgusting to them. In another category, a craving for food consumption persists, however, for the same purposes after its intake, these people cause a gag reflex, due to which food is not absorbed by the body. The third category, on the contrary, is too fixated on food consumption, which leads to obesity.
Personality Disorders
Such pathologies are characterized by inflexible personality traits. They interfere with the socialization of a person, and therefore require treatment. As examples of such diseases, the following can be listed:
- antisocial disorder;
- paranoid disorder;
- obsessive-compulsive.
These pathologies are the mismatch of personality traits to the expectations of society. Aggressive reactions or absolute isolation are the most characteristic features for a similar series of diseases.
So, in this article we have listed the most common types of mental disorders. They arise due to stress, poor parenting, as well as physical damage to the head. The probability of cure directly depends on the degree of pathology and the individual’s ability to withstand the progression of the disease.