The interaction of an adult and a child is more active in a playful way. The most common form of play when working with a child is painting. Isotherapy as a method of psychological correction has recently been used. It helps to express emotions to those people who are not ready to reveal their feelings.
What is isotherapy
During drawing, a person does not think about anything, he expresses his thoughts and feelings with the help of paints. This direction appeared in psychology in the middle of the 20th century and soon passed into the arsenal of teachers. Using isotherapy for children can influence negative emotions.
Classes are especially relevant for children. Due to age, they cannot express emotions, do not talk about experiences. During drawing, emotions that did not find a way out of the child go out. Good bright feelings appear.
Who needs isotherapy
Isotherapy allows the child to express himself. At this moment, no one is leading them. Drawings, as the problem is solved, change. It is important for the teacher to save all the work of the baby in order to see progress in the future.
The main goals of isotherapy:
- elaboration of thoughts that the child suppresses;
- a person expresses thoughts that he cannot express because of fear or resentment;
- at the end of the drawing, the psychologist must determine the area in which the child is in trouble;
- during the course, a person begins to manage the situation, takes off the load of problems and understatements;
- relations between people come back to normal, during the lesson the tension is relieved, the child understands and accepts himself.
This method is important for children and adults:
- Disabled children who are divorced from the big world. The method allows you to see the positive points.
- Children with attention deficit disorder. They find a way out to aggressive emotions.
- Children who find it difficult to establish contact with their peers.
- Children and adults in transitional stages of life. Admission to school, adolescence, loss of loved ones - the reasons for which isotherapy is needed.
Solved children's problems
Isotherapy as a method of psychological correction allows you to resolve the internal conflict of the child. To bring out thoughts and feelings, solve psychological problems:
- the child learns to express his thoughts, to talk about what worries him;
- through the drawing, children define dreams and desires, which are often not voiced by adults;
- knowledge of the inner world, definition of a problem;
- self-acceptance, finding solutions to difficulties;
- stress relief, psychological stress;
- correction of the development of children with an individual training program.
Forms of Isotherapy
When conducting classes, the teacher determines the form of training depending on the methods of isotherapy. Use 2 main forms of the technique:
- Passive form. The child is given a picture depending on the situation. It is necessary to draw the same picture, but in its own way.
- Active form. The teacher does not pose any tasks. The drawing is completely arbitrary, at the request of the baby. Based on imaginary objects, the further interaction of an adult and a child is determined.
Most often, the teacher gives a task on a specific topic. It can be summer, family, New Year. Tasks for imaginative thinking require a child to fly imagination. Such topics can be: "Good", "Peace".
Other methods of involving children in the process can be non-standard - colored spots, drawing with fingers, improvised materials.
The main stages of isotherapy
The art therapist builds communication so that the child shares the sensations that arise when drawing. Isotherapy allows you to look at the conflict from the side. The kid expresses himself while drawing. Isotherapy technology consists of several stages:
- The child, together with the teacher or independently determines the topic on which he will draw. The adult's task is to follow the entire process of creating a picture on a piece of paper.
- At the next stage, the child tells what is shown in the figure. The mentor draws attention to the parallels that the child draws, to the mood with which the story goes. Attention is paid to details. If something in the picture causes a negative, then find out what it means for the baby.
- The psychologist describes his vision of the drawing.
- An adult and a child together discuss a picture.
Pedagogical Isotherapy
Isotherapy as a method of psychological correction is used in pedagogical activity. First of all, the method is aimed at the development, education and socialization of the individual. It takes care of emotional well-being, psychological health.
As a result of the work, knowledge of oneself takes place. Relations with peers are improving. The child learns to analyze actions, to be more tolerant. During drawing, he experiences strong emotions, overcomes difficulties.
Children are in stressful situations more often than adults. Their psyche is not ready for constant stress. The situation is aggravated by improper upbringing, an authoritarian style of parents, and a misunderstanding of peers.
Art therapy allows you to break away from reality, feel like a magician. The child learns to experience negative emotions through drawing. The influence of art on the psychological state is confirmed by the research of psychologists, educators, philosophers, psychotherapists.
Drawing allows you to protect yourself from what prevents you from fully developing. Isotherapy is a method of symbols. Items are depicted on a subconscious level, symbolize images, fears, failures.
Isotherapy as a correction method is used when working with children with various abnormalities. The beauty of the picture does not matter. Everyone can feel like an artist. The teacher helps the child find a way out of the situation by drawing or modeling.
Isotherapy program for preschoolers
At preschool age, the child learns to communicate with peers, to perceive the world around him, to create drawings on paper. The isotherapy program for preschoolers is an important stage in the development of the child and the formation of character.
Depending on the individual characteristics of the child, classes are conducted to correct his behavior. For a hyperactive baby, you can hold a lesson with colorful leaves. The child is given sheets of paper and paint. It is necessary to make each sheet monophonic.
To relieve stress, clay painting is perfect. On a blank sheet of paper with his fingers dipped in clay, the child draws any picture.
To improve the communication skill, you can ask the child to draw a circle, and inside draw everything that mom, dad and other close relatives want.
Aggressive child will use the game "Chalk Race". The goal is to quickly draw the dash, whoever drew more, he won. This game allows you to throw out aggression and calm a raging baby.
Isotherapy for schoolchildren
At 7 years, significant changes occur in the life of the child. He is going to school. New teacher, classmates and responsibilities to deal with. The task of isotherapy is to support the student, to help cope with a stressful situation. For this age, the following classes are suitable:
- drawing various doodles in a few minutes will help relieve tension, switch;
- drawing on wet paper of friends helps to establish contacts in the new society, this drawing is suitable for children who feel uncomfortable with classmates;
- if the child is afraid of new circumstances, invite him to fashion fear, over time, fear will begin to transform into a less terrible monster.
Isotherapy for adolescents
Isotherapy as a method of psychological correction of adolescents is used less often than in younger students. At this age, some children are able to express emotions and speak out fears. The teenage period is filled with physiological and psychological changes. In a crisis period, specialist intervention is required. Isotherapy will help in the prevention and treatment of complex conditions.
To combat nervousness, a teenager can draw on whatever he wants. Thus, it is easier to calm down, understand your feelings. With low self-esteem, you can offer a teenager a finished picture, which should be supplemented with its own elements. Thus, the child will throw out emotions, will understand the thoughts that have accumulated. Normal development requires the psychological health of a person.
If a teenager is aggressive towards others, cannot cope with emotions, then they suggest working with plastic material. Plasticine or clay will help him to look at himself from different angles, to accept as he is.
Artistic talent has no meaning in isotherapy. Creative message is important, reliability is secondary.
Adult Isotherapy
In crisis situations, an adult needs help. To withdraw aggression without harming others, you can use isotherapy. Creativity allows you to relax and rest.
With severe stress, you can use a dough molding. Creativity will benefit. Creating souvenirs for friends will relieve stress and give smiles to loved ones.
Creating collages or drawings allows you to relax from the accumulated problems. The increase is perfect for those who prefer to perform tasks on the computer.
Drawing with strokes allows you to determine the mood of a person at the moment. Large strokes indicate confidence, human stability. Dark tones and small strokes indicate a depressed state.
Psychologists recommend elderly people to engage in fairy-tale therapy. The choice of character is up to the person. It is important that fairy tales have a positive ending.
Exercises for children
For the prevention of psychological problems use isotherapy exercises aimed at the overall development of children without deviations:
- Draw yourself - a game that allows you to determine how the child sees himself in society.
- Draw your fears - it helps prevent stressful situations, find out the fears, anxieties of the child. Such a game will teach the child to behave in future in critical situations.
- Draw the person you love. Most often, children portray mom, but there are exceptions. In any case, the figure shows the attitude of the child to this person. In the presence of incompatible nuances, attention should be paid to the relationship. Similarly, they ask to draw a family in which they pay attention to the relationship between its members.
- Create a collage on the topic "My plans." Teaches a child to structure desires and think about how to achieve this.