Responsibilities, rights and responsibilities of participants in a fire extinguishing: concept, composition of participants, authority, instructions, legislative framework and algorithm for extinguishing a fire

The rights, duties and responsibilities of fire extinguishing participants are regulated by Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation No. 257 of July 5, 1995. This order approved legal regulations in the field of organization of work of the fire-fighting public service and the combat charter of the fire department.

Fire fighting participants

Participants in fire fighting and rescue operations are persons whose activities are related to the direct fight against fire and other actions. The main goal of the work is the elimination of foci and the consequences of their spread. Briefly, the responsibilities of the participants in extinguishing fires are to destroy the fire and the associated work to preserve the people and property (movable and immovable) affected by it.

The following persons are members of the fire fighting:

1. Employees of the personnel of the city fire department and other types of departments.
2. Military personnel.
3. Workers and employees of internal affairs bodies.
4. Emergency and rescue departments and formations.
5. Life support services for populated areas and facilities that take part directly in firefighting and conducting relevant emergency rescue operations.

General responsibilities of firefighting team members

The responsibilities of fire extinguishing participants are as follows:

1. To fulfill the requirements stipulated by the Charter and the main tasks.
2. Monitor changes in the situation at the firefighting and rescue operations site, and adjust the program of action.
3. To ensure uninterrupted and efficient operation of emergency rescue and fire fighting equipment, equipment and weapons, to preserve their integrity, and to identify and eliminate arising malfunctions.
4. Keep in touch with other participants in extinguishing the fire and conducting emergency rescue operations.
5. Observe labor protection requirements.
6. Provide emergency medical assistance to victims, help out comrades and other people.

General rights of firefighting team members

Regardless of who is involved in putting out the fire, they are all endowed with the same rights:

• to carry out any actions that are necessary for the effective solution of the main tasks, if they do not contradict the legislative and statutory requirements;
• penetrate the premises and places of the possible or actual spread of emergency situations, fires and other dangerous phenomena;
• create the necessary conditions to prevent the spread of fires and other emergencies, as well as ensuring the elimination of the fire;
• gratuitously use vehicles, communications, fire fighting equipment and extinguishing agents extinguishing substances from other objects;
• to prohibit or restrict access to all persons to places of spread of fire or other emergency situations, to block transport and pedestrian traffic in nearby territories;
• evacuate property and people from places of fire or other emergency;
• to receive hot food and drink if there are prolonged fires and emergencies, as well as conditions for rest.

Fire Extinguishers

Persons involved in the elimination of fires and conducting emergency rescue operations are divided into the following specializations:

1. The shift supervisor on duty.
2. Assistant to the chief of the shift on duty.
3. Heads of fire brigades.
4. Heads of emergency rescue crews.
5. Head of the gas and smoke protection service checkpoint.
6. Security post at the GDZS.
7. Senior employee of the gas and smoke protection service.
8. Gas smoke protector.
9. Connected.
10. The stalker.
11. Emergency or fire truck driver.
12. Firefighter-rescuer (rescuer).
13. Rescuer.

The last paragraph allows you to answer in the affirmative whether the rescuer is a participant in extinguishing the fire. The listed persons are directly related to this type of activity.

Management Responsibilities

The responsibility of fire extinguishing managers extends to all superiors involved in the elimination of fire. One of the administrative staff is the shift supervisor on duty - the person who heads the shift, who at the time of the duty arrived at the scene of a fire or other emergency.

The powers of the shift supervisor are as follows:

• ensuring the interaction of all shift calculations and their cooperation with neighboring units;
• setting goals for the composition of the shift;
• monitoring the work of personnel on equipment and machinery, as well as their compliance with labor safety rules;
• liaising with a senior operations officer and a continuous report on the changing situation.

In the absence of the chief, his duties are imposed on the assistant.

The next head of fire fighting is the head of the calculation (site). The duties and rights of the head of the fire fighting area are as follows:

1. Leading the actions of personnel subordinates.
2. Indication of water sources, directions and methods of laying hose lines, branching points and other features of the use of fire extinguishing means, as well as determining the location of the stairs.
3. Setting objectives for the composition of the shift.
4. Monitoring the work of personnel on equipment and machinery, as well as their compliance with labor safety rules.
5. Liaising with other bosses and a continuous report on the changing situation.
6. Check employees and equipment before returning to base.

Another fire extinguishing manager is the head of the emergency rescue team. The rights and obligations of the fire extinguishing manager are as follows:

• determination of methods and means of saving people, other living creatures and property, as well as the place of installation of special equipment after determining its types and quantity;
• setting goals for the composition of the shift;
• monitoring the work of personnel on equipment and machinery, as well as their compliance with labor safety rules;
• liaising with other bosses and a continuous report on the changing situation;
• checking employees and equipment before returning to base.

The last type of managers is the head of the gas and smoke protection service checkpoint. His powers are as follows:

1. Determining the place of organization and composition of the checkpoint of the gas smoke protection service, ensuring its operation.
2. Providing inspections of personal respiratory protective equipment.
3. Organization of medical control over the activities of firefighters in appropriate equipment.
4. Ensuring the readiness of the work of gas and smoke protection service units in conditions unsuitable for free breathing.
5. Checking each security post.
6. Maintaining service documentation.

Responsibilities of the rank and file

The powers of the participants to extinguish a fire include a wide range of rights and obligations of team members. One of the responsible persons are guards at security posts. They are persons from the rank-and-file or commanding staff of units that have undergone special training and may be allowed to organize the work of security posts for gas and smoke protection services and control over their links.

The duties of the guard are as follows:

• to provide the appropriate order in relation to the admission of each link of service to work;
• keep track of the links and the duration of their work, as well as keep relevant documentation;
• inform the head and other officials about what is happening.

The next group of responsible employees is the senior in the links of the gas and smoke protection service. Their powers are as follows:

1. Ensuring that the subordinate performs the tasks assigned to him.
2. Helping people with a threat to their health and life.
3. Ensuring compliance with the requirements for working with personal respiratory protection.
4. Continuous communication with the post with a report on the situation.
5. Taking measures to provide members of the link with emergency rescue, lighting and communications equipment, as well as weapons.

Another category of firefighting team members is gas fumes.

The responsibilities of smoke protectors include the following:

1. Compliance with the rules of work in personal protective equipment for respiratory organs.
2. Unquestioning compliance with the instructions of the immediate supervisor.
3. Timely report to the head about people in need of assistance, about malfunctions of personal respiratory protective equipment, about worsening health conditions and other facts that can affect the result of work.

The next group of employees is the gunmen, who supply the extinguishing substances at the place of fire extinguishing or emergency-rescue operations. His responsibilities include the following:

• ensure the safety and uninterrupted operation of equipment;
• follow the instructions of the leader;
• Report any problems with the equipment and take all necessary steps to repair it as soon as possible.

Liaison persons as participants in a fire extinguishing transfer information between managers at a fire extinguishing site or emergency rescue operation. their responsibilities include the following:

1. Timely transmission of reliable information.
2. Report to designated officials on compliance.
3. Compliance with the rules of negotiation.
4. Keeping records of received and transmitted information.

Another member of the fire brigade is a driver who has a special type of training and permission to drive a fire truck. His responsibilities include the following:

• setting the car to a predetermined position, while observing the statutory requirements;
• providing the ability to bring the vehicle to a safe area in case of complication of a fire hazard situation;
• ensuring uninterrupted and efficient operation of units and components of the car;
• control the situation around;
• carry out technical control and maintenance of the car in the fire fighting place;
• control the amount of fuel, lubricants and maintenance materials, as well as substances for extinguishing the fire; timely report on the need for replenishment;
• keep in touch on regular type radio stations.

The next group of teams to eliminate fires - firefighters-rescuers. Their responsibilities include the following:

1. Show resourcefulness and initiative in fire fighting.
2. Remain in position until the new order of the chief.
3. Maintain constant communication with the leader and colleagues.
4. Warn citizens about the danger, provide assistance if necessary.
5. Observe occupational safety requirements.
6. Monitor the safety and serviceability of the equipment and weapons used.
7. Perform reconnaissance if necessary.

Rescue Responsibilities

Powers of combatants to extinguish fires include the following responsibilities of firefighter-rescuers:

1. Have fire-fighting equipment necessary for the rescue method specified by the head of a specific calculation.
2. Notify assistance at the entrance to the premises of rescued citizens.
3. Choose the shortest paths and the safest ways to save, if they are not previously determined by the methodological plan of the participants to extinguish the fire, the authority to develop which lies with the head of a particular unit.
4. Use for passage with rescued citizens areas with elevated temperatures and dense smoke in extreme cases. At the same time, the powers of participants in extinguishing a fire include the obligation to provide victims with protection from smoke and fire.

Responsibilities for working with fire fighting equipment

Responsibility for the right of participants to extinguish a fire to use all means available for extinguishing a flame includes responsibilities for the proper use of hoses and other devices. Fire rescuers are required to carry out the following actions:

• choose the shortest and most convenient way to the location of the porters;
• Do not place sleeves on sharp or burning objects, in places with spilled caustic substances. If there are no other options, the responsibilities of fire extinguishing participants include the need to lay out the flooring for the sleeve from materials that are at hand, as well as the need to protect it from damage using various means;
• do not clutter up the stairs and walkways of buildings with used sleeves, lay lines of sleeves on the sides of streets, courtyards and roads in impassable parts. If it is necessary to cross the railway bed, this must be done under the rails;
• to protect the sleeves laid along the carriageways from creases, twists and kinks when laying them through various obstacles;
• when laying the lines of the sleeves at a height, fix them with special fasteners;
• have the necessary reserve of the hose line to ensure the implementation of the necessary maneuvers and movements with the barrel of a fireman;
• build up the sleeve lines at the trunk, if necessary;
• indoor use rubberized sleeves;
• position the sleeve line in the middle of the steps of the ladder and fix it with delays.

The rights and obligations of fire extinguishing participants and their responsibilities include requirements for the proper use of the barrel. These include the following:

1. To approach as close as possible to places of ignition with the necessary reserve of the hose line.
2. Move forward with the barrel and direct the jet to the most intense places of burning, on objects and structures, and not on smoke.
3. First of all, watering parts of structures that, when heated as a result of changes in strength or combustion, can provoke the collapse of the entire structure or part thereof.
4. In case of extinction of vertical type surfaces, direct water from top to bottom.
5. To withdraw or block the trunk after the elimination of combustion.
6. Before changing position, stop water supply or move with the sleeve down.
7. When working at height, use safety cables.
8. On the stairs, start working with the barrel only after the carbine is fixed.
9. Do not leave the trunk unattended either before or after stopping the water supply.
10. Do not point the barrel at live wires and do not touch them if labor protection requirements have not been previously met.
11. If glass or fragile containers are on fire, extinguish them with foam or water from a spray hose.
12. If the extinguishing is connected with flammable and flammable liquids or compressed gas cylinders, as well as with installations and apparatuses that are under pressure, all heated objects and surfaces must be evenly cooled.
13. Protect parts of buildings or structures from the effects of a thermal nature by directing water jets to those structures that the fire directly threatens.
14. Do not direct the water stream to places where powder and foam are supplied.
    

The duties, rights and responsibilities of fire extinguishing participants who work directly with the columns include the following requirements:

• Know exactly the location of nearby water sources and quickly find them;
• make sure that the hose trunk lines are in good condition; if damage is found, install clamps on them, as well as replace a sleeve that has failed;
• not to allow vehicles to cross over the sleeves if these places are not protected by bridges;
• regulate the water supply to the working (serviceable) lines of the sleeves;
• to maintain constant communication with the crewmen and drivers of fire trucks;
• to ensure the alignment of arrivals for an additional call of forces and to transmit to them the orders of the chief at the fire fighting headquarters.

Actions during the evacuation of values ​​and analysis of the structure of buildings

Obligations, rights and responsibilities of participants in extinguishing a fire include not only actions to eliminate fire, but also rules for working with property of third parties.

When material objects and valuables are removed from burning buildings and structures, fire-rescuers are required to follow certain requirements:

1. Treat carefully seized values ​​and objects of a material nature. Take all measures to maintain their integrity,
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