One of the main functions of the state as a whole and of a specific organization in particular is to ensure fire safety, that is, protection against fires. For this, a complex of various measures is carried out, there are special requirements in relation to many objects, buildings, enterprises and even cities. Unfortunately, fires cannot be completely avoided, however, fire safety requirements reduce the risk of fire to a minimum.
To date, a lot of documents have been developed that regulate this activity, and almost all enterprises and organizations have specially trained people who are responsible for such precautions. Thus, fire safety requirements with respect to the substances and materials from which various products are made suggest that the manufacturer must indicate how flammable or combustible an item is. This is spelled out in the federal law of the corresponding profile.
It should be noted that the main requirement for preventing fire is the absence of an ignition source near combustible material. This principle is always laid in the foundation when developing the fire safety requirements at any enterprise or facility. However, it is not always possible that potentially hazardous ignition sources and a combustible medium are not present in the manufacturing process. In such cases, it is necessary to protect the equipment as much as possible, as well as the room in which it is located. To do this, use the emergency alert buttons, automatic shutdown, a variety of alarms, etc.
It should be noted that measures to prevent accidental fire depend on the object itself. So, the fire safety requirements for electrical installations will differ significantly from the recommendations given for residential buildings. As a result of this, several categories of premises are distinguished according to the degree of danger, from those bearing a potential threat to relatively safe.
There are several dangerous factors that can cause material damage in case of fire. This is an open fire and sparks from it (especially indoors), smoke, toxic combustion products, etc. Also low concentration of oxygen in the air and a blast wave are dangerous. The fire safety requirements in the premises provide for the isolation of electrical wiring to avoid short circuits, the installation of RCDs and automatic fuses. Wooden furniture should not stand next to electric or gas stoves. In bathrooms and on the external walls of buildings, sockets must be insulated from moisture.
It should be noted that fire safety requirements are regulated by several Federal laws and the Fire regulations. In case of violation of certain rules, the person responsible for this activity may be punished in accordance with Russian law. If there is no special employee, then the head of the organization is responsible for violations. Such measures make prevention more effective.
At present, any institutions, especially socially significant ones (schools, hospitals, factories, etc.) must be equipped with a special alarm system, and in each separate room (office, ward, etc.), the same as and corridor, there should be operational fire extinguishers within reach. After all, if you start to extinguish the fire from the first minutes, it is quite possible that it will be possible to prevent it from spreading. Special requirements are also imposed on the materials of which the building is built. Flammable structures are recommended to be treated with a special solution, which subsequently will not allow a fire to quickly flare up.