Swimming in cool water is one of the most pleasant ways to spend time in the middle of a hot summer. Although, not only during this period, you can stay on water. Nothing prevents you from relaxing calmly on a boat or fishing at any other time of the year. However, rest at any moment can turn into a disaster if you do not know how to behave properly, resting near the water.
This material is devoted to safety rules when bathing, the basics of behavior when using boats and boats, as well as familiarization with the warnings regarding the conventional signs of safety rules on water.
Warning signs
The responsibility for placing warning signs on ponds lies with organizations that own beaches, crossings, boat and small boat parking bases, and legal entities that carry out various activities.
ATTENTION! It is not recommended to swim or stay in water without warning signs, or not under the supervision of rescuers.
At the moment, many safety signs on the water have been developed, not only informing about the suitability of the reservoir for swimming, but also conducting poaching, prohibiting or permitting fishing, and so on. Here are just the main ones:
- place for swimming;
- Swimming is prohibited;
- Fishing is not allowed here;
- diving into the water from the shore is prohibited;
- access to the pier is prohibited;
- motor vessels are prohibited;
- Caution! Great depth;
- Caution! Thin ice;
- Caution! Strong current.
Thus, the presence on the beach of conventional safety signs on the water can prevent injuries or even deaths of vacationers. At the same time, even they are not always a guarantee that the place is suitable for swimming. There are many dangerous situations that seem vacationers to be quite common.
Bathing Safety
Accidents on rivers, lakes or the sea, unfortunately, happen regardless of the time of year. However, the most common and dangerous period is the summer months. In order not to get injured while swimming and not die, it is worth following the following safety rules on water:
- Do not swim in the middle of the day. This rule is quite often observed by vacationers, however, there are also those citizens who want to spend time on a practically empty dining beach. And rest on the beach at the peak of temperature can lead to sad consequences. The recommended time spent in the pond is morning and evening. During these periods, the sun does not heat very much, and therefore, the danger of overheating is practically absent.
- The permissible temperature for bathing water should not be lower than 17 degrees. Otherwise, being in the sea / river / lake becomes dangerous and may be harmful to health. It is also necessary to ensure that the bathing time does not exceed 20 minutes and starts from 3-5 minutes.
- Swimming after prolonged sun exposure is prohibited. Sudden cooling will entail a sharp contraction of the muscles, which will lead to respiratory arrest.
- Swimming while intoxicated is strictly prohibited. Under its influence, the vasodilating and narrowing centers are blocked in the brain. It is also worth observing safety rules and on water in forest ponds. In the event that there is no specially equipped beach nearby, you need to find a clean swimming place. The bottom of such a site should not be clogged, the depth begins gradually, and not sharply. If swimming takes place in an unfamiliar place - jumping is strictly prohibited! Enter the water slowly and carefully.
- It is forbidden to sail at close distances to passing boats, boats and other vessels. The wave formed by his movement can cover with his head, as a result of which, a confused vacationer can go to the bottom. Also, the probability of getting under the boat's blades is not ruled out. In this case, the resulting damage may be incompatible with life.
- If the vacationer is entangled in algae, you should not panic and try to escape with sudden movements. It is necessary to stop, and taking the position of a "float" to free limbs from plants.
- In case of falling within do not try to fight. It is necessary, at a small angle, to gradually move down along it, thus, reaching the coast.
- If you get into a whirlpool, you also can’t try to get out by force. It is necessary, having gained maximum air into the lungs, to plunge and make a powerful jerk to the side - to emerge.
Water safety for children
- Ensure that small children are not left alone by the water. They may stumble and fall. As a result, they will be covered with a wave, and they can choke.
- Often, parents wear inflatable sleeves on their children or let them swim on mattresses and balls. This is a standard practice that helps kids learn to swim on their own. But at the same time, it can be dangerous. Using such means, you should not consider yourself safe on the water. Sometimes, a vacationer can carry a stream to the sea. Especially considering the fact that the children are quite light. Also, an inflatable item may deflate and not withstand the owner afloat.
- It is worth watching pranks in the water. Children tend to push each other or drown.
- Make sure that the kids do not go to the depths and do not swim for the buoys.
Lifebuoy
According to safety precautions, standard rescue equipment specified in all instructions must be used on water.
This tool is divided into two types: cork lifebuoy - maximum weight of 7 kilograms, maximum outer diameter of 750 millimeters; foam lifebuoy - maximum weight 4.5 kilograms, maximum outer diameter 750 millimeters. Bright orange (sometimes red) colors are chosen so that the product is easy to see.
How to use a lifebuoy
The tool must be taken as follows: one hand should hold a life buoy, and the other - a handrail. Next, you need to make two or three circular swings with a straightened hand, at shoulder level, throwing the object to the drowning man. He must land flat for 500 centimeters or 1 meter from a person in the water. When throwing, make sure that the product does not fall on his head. The heavy mass of the lifebuoy can lead to the fact that after a blow to the head, a resting person in trouble will be disoriented or completely lose consciousness.
Life balls
This tool is used to ensure safety on the water and is a chain of balls made of cork or foam, covered with a dense fabric. They are interconnected by a narrow cable. The maximum mass is 2 kilograms, the maximum mass of maintenance is 8 kilograms, the diameter of one ball is 21 centimeters.
How to use this tool?
The method of use is similar to the technique of using a lifebuoy: holding lifebuoys with your hand, take the cable in the other hand. Make two or three circular backswings in the shoulder area, and then throw the product into the water. When throwing, aim so that it falls to the right or left of the person. Further, with the help of a rope attached to the rescue object, the drowning person is attracted to the shore or ship.
"The End of Alexandrov"
This tool is a cable, hemp or nylon. Its maximum length is 30 meters and its maximum thickness is 25 millimeters. At both ends are loops, to the larger of which two red floats are attached, each 12 cm in diameter. Also, a load is attached to a large loop, the mass of which is 350 grams.
How to use the tool?
To begin with, the rescuer must put a smaller loop of the cable on his left hand, taking the entire bay into it. In the right hand is taken a large loop and 6 slots of the "end". Then 3 circular swings with a straightened hand are made, and the tool rushes towards the drowning man. He puts a noose under his arms, over his head, while holding on to the floats all the time. After that, a man on a cable is pulled by a lifeguard to a ship or shore.
Attention! Pulling the rescued holidaymaker in this way, it is necessary to observe smooth movements and not to make jerks!
Rescue bib
A specific rescue tool is a belt, the pockets of which are filled with plates made of foam or cork. The maximum mass of such an item is 2.8 kilograms. The strength of maintenance is 8 kilograms.
How to use it?
According to water safety regulations, the rescue bib must fit snugly in the armpit area. Under this condition, the head of the drowning person will be above sea / lake / river level. The tool is used as follows: the loop is worn on the neck through the head, above the water. After that, the bib wraps around the body, and the straps cross at the back, tied around the chest.
Rules for the use of rowing boats and powerboats
Before using water transport it is necessary to make sure that all electronics are in good working order, the hull is not leaking, all rescue equipment is present, and the oars and oars are in working condition.
When traveling on such vehicles, the following water safety measures must be observed:
- in the process of boarding a boat or in a boat it is forbidden to get onto the seats or sides of the vehicle;
- when moving, keep hands inside and do not expose them outside the body;
- observe the permissible load of the vehicle;
- do not dive from the board;
- not allow children under the age of 7 years on a boat or boat;
- it is forbidden to swim at night or in fog;
- it is forbidden to cross the course of another vessel going;
- not allowed to swim in the immediate vicinity of dams or locks;
- It is forbidden to stop near bridges or under them;
- when traveling by boat or boat in the immediate vicinity of the coast, it is necessary to slow down and be careful not to hurt any of the vacationers;
- drive a water vehicle should a person who has special documents that allow its independent use;
- when driving, it is forbidden to board or to switch from one seat to another.
Examples of violations of safety rules on water when using transport
- Use of a faulty vessel or a boat with a leaking side.
- Exceeding the permissible load of water transport or the permissible number of passengers.
- Lack of standard rescue equipment on board.
- Steering a boat or boat while intoxicated or under the influence of third-party drugs.
- Transportation of passengers in a state of intoxication.
- The presence on board of children under 16 years old who are not under the supervision of adults.
This material presents only the most basic norms of behavior for vacationers in water bodies, as well as instructions for the operation of water transport. Familiarization with it allows you to have more knowledge about the essence of warning signs and safety rules on water. Which, in turn, will help you to be more careful. So, spending your free time in the pond will be not only fun, but also safe. Good luck