👴🏿 🙌🏿 🆖 Psychological trauma is ... The concept, causes, treatment and consequences 🈴 🔐 ↔️

Psychological trauma is a process that occurs as a result of a sudden and unexpected occurrence of any action or event that harms the mental and mental state of a person. After the shock, the person remains in his right mind and soberly assesses the reality around him. At certain intervals, he will be able to adapt to his constant environment. Therefore, the changes that occur in the patient’s psyche are inconsistent, they can be eliminated over time.

Essence

The concept of "psychological trauma" includes problems that appear on an emotional level, in the functions of the brain, which are responsible for the perception and formation of certain concepts. As a result, there are disorders at the neurotic level and changes in the borderline state of the psyche:

various anxieties and phobias, fear;
obsessive thoughts appear, and actions occur according to a certain ritual;
patient conditions such as hysteria, neurasthenia, and depression may also occur.

In addition, the pattern of behavior is changing, that is, the one that was studied in childhood remains, as an alternative to everything that is happening now. A distraction of attention appears, apathy arises on the emotional background, it is the cause of an unstable emotional state at a psychological level.

Psychological trauma is weak, but constant factors that for some time constantly influenced a person, as well as sharply, suddenly and unexpectedly manifest events of a categorically negative nature. They can cause a person to change their behavior both in the family and in society, as well as lead to illness at the mental level. Therefore, any powerful negative effect that affects the emotional background of a person can cause this type of trauma on a psychological level.

Causes

Psychological injuries are situations that arise in a person’s life, contributing to the manifestation of stress in him, affecting his psychological state of health. There are quite a few reasons that can cause psychological injuries. The main ones are the following:

Disasters of a different nature, leading to a deterioration in the quality of human life.
Injuries that contribute to the development of dysfunctions of individual organs.
Professional injuries.
Impaired somatic health.
Attack of attackers.
Rape.
The death of relatives.
Divorce.
Domestic violence.
The presence of addictions in relatives.
Stay in prison.
Disability.
Stressful situations experienced in childhood.
Abrupt change of residence.
Job loss.
Conflicts in social groups important to the individual.
Wrong way of raising a child, contributing to the development of his own sense of worthlessness.

Key development factors:

Social.
Somatic.
Injury loss.

A person is a social being, the first social institution for him is a family. Family violence is the main factor in the development of psychological injuries. The stressful situations experienced in childhood have a detrimental effect on the formation of the personality of the child and the appearance of complexes in him. Also, acute post-traumatic stress disorders often arise due to the grief experienced by the loss of a loved one, because of his death or as a result of a marriage break.

Psychological injuries are shock situations that have a short-term effect on the human psyche and are mainly associated with the development of diseases of the viral and infectious etiology and the appearance of anxiety in a person for his life.

Symptoms

Daily problems, various negative feelings and actions bring dysfunction to the normal functioning of the human body. As a result, the habits and behavior of a person are completely changing for the worse, and their emotional health is deteriorating. Symptoms of psychological trauma are on a sensory and physiological level. Emotional symptoms are:

Shock state, loss of faith in all that is good.
Sudden changes in mood, increased irritability and bitterness.
Self-flagellation, the constant scrolling of the same traumatic events in the head in order to find a way out of the situation.
Feelings of shame and feeling one in the whole world.
Lack of faith in a brighter future, heartbreaking longing.
Violation of attentiveness, increased degree of distraction.
A constant feeling of fear and unwillingness to communicate with others.

When a person completely changes his behavior in society, especially if he is a strong personality, rudeness and inadequate reaction to events occur in his habits, we can assume that he suffered some kind of mental trauma. His mood often goes from infantile and depressive to hysterical. In some cases, anger is manifested with an increased degree of uncontrolled rage due to trauma at the psychological level.

A person cannot normally do his usual business. Its performance is changing, vital functions are deteriorating as a result of a feeling of constant fear and anxiety.

Physiological symptoms that occur after they have caused psychological trauma:

violation of sleep patterns, sometimes its complete absence, anxious sleep, dreaded terrible events;
heart palpitations, exacerbation of chronic diseases, a state of fear and timidity;
rapid loss of performance;
absolute inattention, increased fussiness;
pain, cramps, tension in all muscles of the body.

All these symptoms arose due to the fact that he blames himself for what happened, for the fact that he could not change the situation. He constantly scrolls through these events in his head and thinks over different situations, as a result of which the tragedy could have been avoided.

The person experiences heartbreaking melancholy and inevitable hopelessness. As a result, he stops talking and meeting with family and friends, does not go to the movies or to meetings with friends. This condition occurs due to the fact that this person ceases to believe that in a difficult situation any of his friends or just a passer-by can help.

The soul has a feeling of complete hopelessness, loneliness, hopelessness and meaninglessness of everything that is happening around. These people have problems with sleep, they often dream of terrible situations, sleep lasts for small periods of time. These symptoms may disappear quite soon, and may last for years.

Kinds

The psychological trauma in a person can be diagnosed independently:

Existential - injuries that accompany the fear of death and everything connected with it. The injured patient is faced with a choice: to retreat or express psychological stability, become more enduring and courageous.
Injuries of loss (the death of loved ones) give rise to a phobia of loneliness, and also make any person make a choice: focus on their own negative emotions and sorrows or try to reject them.
Injuries to relationships (misconduct, divorce, betrayal, termination of relationships) cause a natural reaction - regret and anger, and also provide a person with a choice: never trust anyone again and do not lay hopes on them or try again to love and believe.
Injuries to incorrigible acts (an immoral act) activate a sense of guilt and put people before a choice: to realize, accept and repent of their deeds or not to admit their guilt for the perfect.
Injuries to children. They are the most powerful and brightest in terms of mental health problems. Such an injury leaves an unforgettable mark in the subconscious of the individual and affects his entire future life. It is also important that psychological injuries received in childhood are present in almost all people.
Cataclysms. Sometimes in life there are phenomena on the outcome of which a person cannot influence. Disasters, accidents, natural disasters, etc., inflict a great crushing blow on the whole body. Due to unforeseen negative influences, the psyche suffers, countless fears and hesitations arise. All kinds of disasters lead to emotional trauma. When something happens to other people in front of people’s eyes, it’s hardly possible to remain calm and indifferent. The bulk of the people inherent in compassion and responsiveness. Empathy has the ability to reduce the negative impact of trauma and helps to overcome difficulty.

Also grouped by type, depending on their duration and how they caused psychological trauma:

sharp
shock;
protracted.

The first two species are characterized by short duration and spontaneity. But the protracted or long-term form of psychotrauma is much more serious, it is characterized by a steady influence on the individual’s nervous system, which, due to specific factors, is doomed to experience oppression, causing irreversible damage to his health and quality of life.

Child and adolescent injuries

The question of the psyche of the child is complex and ambiguous, since the causes of psychological injuries are individual, but one cannot but take into account the fact that external factors have a great influence on the "not matured" inner world of the child or adolescent: school, social circle, family relationships, etc. e. The main thing is to understand that a small personality can be affected by something insignificant for adults, but important for a child, and emotions experienced by him at that moment.

Psychological trauma of childhood - an event that caused disharmony in the psyche of the child. This is a phenomenon that he repeatedly reproduces in his subconscious. Therefore, such circumstances lead to irreversible changes in the behavior and soul of a person.

After a series of studies, scientists were able to find out what events morally “knock” a child out of their usual way of life. The most popular psychological injuries of adolescents and children:

Any violent acts (moral or physical).
The loss of a loved one / pet.
Serious health problems.
Discord / divorce in the family.
"Hot" parental relationship.
Indifference.
Betrayal, lies and unreasonable punishment on the part of loved ones.
Disappointment in yourself.
The immoral behavior of parents / friends.
Asocial social circle.
Excessive custody.
Inconsistency of actions of parents in matters of education.
Permanent scandals.
A feeling of estrangement from society.
Conflict with peers.
The biased attitude of teachers.
Excessive physical and (or) mental stress.

Unfortunately, childhood psychological trauma is often inflicted by the parents themselves. This is due to a system of upbringing errors that have been “passed down” from generation to generation. A child with "mother's milk" learns all the "rules of life" that are reflected in his future fate.

Intergenerational Understanding

"The word is not a sparrow," or How the child interprets the phrase of the parent:

"It would be better if you weren’t" = "If I die, I will give parents happiness and freedom." This program can lead to very tragic consequences.
"Look what others can, and now look at yourself" = "No one should know me the present. I must be like everyone else." The child learns to live in a "mask", hiding the true face in every way. He is what he is, why change something?
"What are you, how small" = "No matter what I want. The main thing is that the parents are happy." Suppressing his desires and needs in childhood, a person mentally gets used to the role of a "slave", ready to grovel in front of everyone who is spiritually stronger than him.
"No matter how you are, you will always be a child for us" = "It seems to me that it is too early for me to make independent decisions. Let others do it for me." The big mistake of parents is that they do not recognize the passage of time. The kid has grown, which means he can decide for himself.
"Stop dreaming!" = "I have not yet foreseen everything, but apparently it’s time to act." Dreams allow you to consider one situation from different faces. Why bother?
"Stop roaring" = "Don't express your emotions. People don't like this. Be indifferent." Man is not a robot. He must feel.
"No one can be trusted" = "The world is too false." This phrase is dangerous. She makes you believe that loneliness is beautiful and safe.

The results of children's psychological trauma:

It is difficult for a child to socialize. He is scared of change and a new team.
The manifestation of various phobias and disorders. Sociophobia as a result of painful experiences from childhood. In addition, a person can constantly experience feelings of guilt and an inferiority complex, which necessarily develop into a severe form of depression and personality disorder.
Different forms of addiction. As a rule, people whose childhood was far from ideal turn into alcoholics, drug addicts, gamers. Also, some of them are difficult to control their appetite, which leads to obesity or anorexia.

We must not forget that the "foundation" of the personality is laid at a young age, therefore, mental disorders in maturity come from childhood. Therefore, the task of parents is to protect the baby from the first psychological trauma after any unpleasant events.

Necessary help for a child

To prevent the development of psychological trauma for the child, parents should:

Tip number 1. Parents should study a lot of relevant psychological and pedagogical literature, choose the right tactics in the education of the future generation.
Tip number 2. Getting rid of stereotypes and cliches. Each person is unique.
Tip number 3. Do not stop the child from developing. This is his life. Let him do what pleases him. The task of the parent is to support his child.
Tip number 4. Indifference is not an option. You need to be able to "make friends" with your child and be serious about all his experiences.
Tip number 5. With noticeable changes in behavior, do not wait for magic. It is better to seek help from a psychologist. With its help, you can develop an individual program for the competent restoration and development of personality. Thus, the child will forever get rid of internal barriers, stereotypes and complexes. He will be happy.

Correction methods

Based on the research of famous scientists, two areas of psychological trauma correction were identified:

individual treatment;
treatment of a certain group of people at the same time.

Consider methods of recovering from stress disorders of several people at the same time. For this, it is necessary to carry out work with psychological trauma:

Create a safe environment for patients.
Reduce the feeling of loneliness by creating common goals and mutual assistance to each other.
To increase the level of trust in people around, as a result, the self-esteem of each person in the group will increase.
Develop confidence in your abilities and abilities.
Find out what problems anyone has, and based on them solve how to recover from injury.
Through teamwork, one victim can help another.
Perceive the problems of each member of the group as their own and find ways to solve them.
Communicate with each other about their problems, about common difficulties and just talk on neutral topics.
Increase confidence in the degree of speedy recovery.

To achieve a qualitative result of this activity, the composition of the methods of this correction includes:

Favorable conditions for hobbies, drawing, composing applications, listening to music, trips to theaters and museums are carried out.
Application of Socratic dialogue. To more quickly solve these problems and reveal talents, each person uses the use of appropriate metaphors.
Talking about your life and listening to the stories of each member of the group on the same topic. Find the positive side, that is, understand what everyone has gained useful after receiving these traumatic results.

How to remove stress symptoms?

Common methods for removing symptoms of psychological stress:

The psychologist talks with the patient about the situation that caused psychological disturbances in the form of stress. The patient expresses all his experiences and at the same time receives approval and support from the doctor. Thanks to such therapy, a person in this condition improves the emotional background. The situation that caused this situation is drawn on paper, or orally, the patient writes a story to himself. These actions help direct all negative energy into a certain direction, create a form for it, and accordingly, it becomes possible to control the negative emotional background of a person.
The Shapiro method allows eliminating negative events from memory in a short time, due to which the patient’s attitude to these events changes and the frequency of memories associated with actions that led to this negative state decreases. The circumstances that led to the stressful situation introduced an imbalance into the body, resulting in a disturbed nervous system. This method reduces nervous tension, a sense of fear, the patient’s attitude to frightening objects and that unfortunate situation, because of which everything happened. Psychological trauma in men and women disappears quite quickly.
The VKD method helps to change the patient's attitude to what happened and, accordingly, to quickly remove him from stress. The technique works on changing the perception of a person. It was developed by R. Dilts. After changing the person’s attitude to the incident, negative memories are removed or the patient’s attitude to these events is transformed.

There are also methods for treating childhood psychological injuries that are used by doctors in medical departments:

The contradiction between the strong and weak sides of the person is removed, due to which a quick effect to eliminate stress is achieved. It is used for people who have become parties to emergencies and disasters.
A change in a person’s attitude to the event. That is, the negative is forgotten, the positive sides are found, and the patient, relying on them, recovers faster. Find an incentive for which a person must defeat this stressful situation.

Thanks to these methods, each patient is individually treated specifically for him, and the person will soon recover completely.

Treatment

When treating psychological and emotional injuries, people encounter unpleasant feelings and sensations that they wish to avoid. If this is not experienced, then they will again bother. When treating an injury, the following occurs:

The study of exciting memories and sensations.
Discharging the body during stress.
There is an opportunity to regulate the arisen emotions.
The patient begins to build communication connections.
The main points disturbing the psychological and emotional state are touched.

A full recovery will require a significant time period. Do not speed up the healing process, try to eliminate the symptoms and consequences. It will not be possible to speed up the process by volitional efforts, give free rein to various feelings.

A few tips to help you in a difficult situation:

Mutual assistance: do not close. After an injury, a person can become isolated in himself and be alone. Staying in a team will help speed up the healing process so as not to aggravate the situation, it is better to maintain relationships with people. The patient should be asked to support him. The main thing is to talk about your feelings, and it is best to conduct conversations with those people whom he trusts. Take part in various events. Do joint projects only if it is not related to the sources of injury. To establish interaction. Find people who have overcome this challenge. Interaction with them will help to reduce isolation and adopt experience in overcoming such a state.
Feel the surrounding events. To be grounded means to feel and understand reality, to maintain contact with oneself. Try to do simple things. Take time to relax and socialize. Divide the emerging problems into sectors. Reward yourself for the smallest achievements. Find an activity that helps to improve well-being and occupy the mind, this will help not to return to the memories that caused the trauma.
Try to survive those feelings that arise due to trauma, accept and approve of their appearance. Take them as part of the recovery process. Body grounding - ways of self-help. If you feel a disorientation, confusion, sudden strong feelings, do the following: sit on a chair, put your feet on the floor, feel the tension. Press the buttocks on the chair, feel the support at this point. Lean your back on a chair. Look around and select 6 objects of different colors, examine them - bring attention from the inside out. Take a breath: Take a few slow, deep breaths.
Watch your well-being. In a healthy body, mental recovery is faster. Observe your sleep patterns. Psychological trauma can upset him. As a result, the course of traumatic symptoms worsens. Therefore, you need to go to bed every day until midnight, so that the duration of sleep is 9 hours.
Do not use alcohol and drugs, because they always worsen the manifestation of symptoms, contributing to the onset of depression, anxiety, isolation.
Go in for sports. Systematic training contributes to the production of serotonin, endorphin and other substances. They increase self-esteem and improve sleep quality. To achieve a good result, you need to do 1 hour a day.
Try to eat right. Eat in small portions. This will maintain your energy level and reduce mood swings. Try not to eat simple carbohydrates because they change your blood composition and mood.
Reduce exposure to negative factors. Focus on rest and relaxation. Learn the systems: meditation, yoga, breathing exercises. Take time for your favorite activities or outdoor activities.

Psychological trauma is ... The concept, causes, treatment and consequences