If a person is in a depressed state, in which there is a decrease in motor and mental activity, then we are talking about a depressive state. About 5% of the population suffers from this scourge. Women are more susceptible to it. The most common major depressive disorder.
Depression and its types
Depression can occur at any age, and there are a lot of reasons for this. A person may suffer from one of the following types of disorder:
- from simple depression;
- from melancholic depression;
- anxiety in combination with a depressive state in which psychomotor agitation is observed;
- from asthenic disorder, when there is a painful sensation of loss of feelings;
- from adynamic depression, in which there is inhibition or stupor;
- from dysphoric disorder, when anger or aggression towards people around comes from a person;
- from complex depression.
If a person has a major depressive disorder, the difference from the depression of which is the symptomatology, then it is necessary to pay attention to his behavior. There is a profound change in mental activity, mood variability, as well as anxiety. In this condition, a person requires more attention, care and empathy from others.
How to identify a major depressive disorder?
How do you know if a person has a major depressive disorder? Symptoms of this condition differ from signs of standard depression. Slow progression of symptoms is noted, but its form becomes pronounced over time. The main signs are depressed mood, irritability, aggression and insomnia. As the disease progresses, one can notice explicit forms of another depression. A person is not interested in previously favorite activities.
The patient constantly complains about life and his problems, he does not have hobbies and hobbies. A major depressive disorder is a condition in which a person quickly becomes tired, loses sleep and appetite. Something constantly worries him, he feels guilty under any circumstances. The patient speaks of his worthlessness, futility, he can even think about suicide.
Causes of this disorder
Major Depressive Disorder (BDD) occurs due to an imbalance in the nervous system, according to psychologists. This imbalance arises due to psychological trauma, especially if a person is unstable in terms of stress. In addition, the disease is a side effect of certain drugs - antibiotics, analgesics, hormones.
Also, as a result of certain diseases, a major depressive disorder can occur. Symptoms and treatment of this condition are individual.
The age factor should not be ruled out. The likelihood of BDD increases with each passing year. All due to the fact that the nervous system of a person at a more mature age is unstable, an imbalance can lead to a large depressive disorder.
Sometimes the BJD has pronounced symptoms, especially if the patient is thinking about suicide. Such people cannot understand that some things are very pleasant. They see everything from the bad side. The sick person cannot feel joy, loses interest in any activity and news.
Who is at risk
Frequent, but not the only problem of depressive conditions are difficult life situations. Sometimes disorders arise due to minor problems. But there is a certain risk zone, which includes some categories of citizens.
In large cities, a significant number of people visit psychiatrists or a psychologist for the purpose of psychological relief. Perhaps this is due to the fact that high-quality medical care is provided in megacities, and people around you do not really care about your personal problems. But in rural areas, not everyone decides to seek the help of a doctor for such help, because simply shyness and the thought of condemnation interfere. But stressful situations, numerous problems, a large population are the reasons for the increased risk of developing depressive disorders.
Sigmund Freud has always said that adult problems have children's roots. That is, if a child is deprived of attention, solves his own problems, does not seek help from relatives and others, then the likelihood of developing a major depressive disorder in adulthood increases. And all because of the pessimistic attitude towards the world and people who were vaccinated in childhood. This is a life scenario.
Also at risk are citizens who are experiencing problems with finances and work, housing and family. That is, almost no one spares a major depressive disorder. ICD 10 or the international classification of diseases shows that this disease is a type of affective disorder. Treatment is selected only individually.
Who diagnoses the disease
In the presence of the above signs of this disease in an adult and a child, it is necessary to seek the help of a specialist. The following specialists can help and advise on this topic:
- psychiatrist or neuropsychiatrist (neuropathologist);
- psychotherapist.
Diagnosis and essence of treatment
You can and should even consult a doctor if there is a major depressive disorder. Treatment does not require a patient stay in the hospital. In the modern pharmacological field, there is a huge variety of drugs designed to combat a neurological or mental illness. The success of the treatment is half dependent on the patient's desire. The moral support of loved ones, parents, and children is also important.
Timely diagnosis will help facilitate the healing process. The sooner the root of the problem is identified, the easier it is to solve it. First of all, the specialist collects anamnestic information about a person. The doctor draws direct attention to the peculiarity of life, a list of past illnesses, a hereditary predisposition, and much more. Therefore, it is important to talk with the doctor frankly, not to conceal anything, because the effectiveness of the selected treatment largely depends on him.
Therapeutic measures
Treatment for depressive disorder is carried out in several stages. First you need to get rid of the burden that is the result of depression. Tranquilizers help to cure anxiety. The attending physician prescribes such drugs for several days, they should not be taken longer, there will be no benefit. Sleeping medications help with insomnia. In addition, an additional positive effect is possible from herbal decoctions, which have antidepressant properties.
The main helpers in the fight against depressive disorders are antidepressants. They are taken according to the scheme prescribed by the doctor. It is the doctor who will tell you what will help you best, what dose is acceptable and what is the duration of the dose. Antidepressants are usually taken much longer than other medications. Do not count on instant effect. Treatment may take from 4 months to 1 year. If a major depressive disorder resumes, then the duration of the course increases.
In the treatment of such a disease, it is necessary to apply a comprehensive psychotherapeutic approach. With the help of psychotherapy, you can reduce the manifestations of depression, find its primary cause.
Psychological approach
Depression can be called a borderline state, and if a person crosses the border, then returning to normal is no longer possible. Therefore, it is advisable to observe a patient with major depressive disorder in a hospital setting. Of course, he will be under the supervision of a psychotherapist who prescribes a course of sedatives that relieve nervous excitement, anxiety or apathy. Then the patient must go through an adaptive period.
Working with a psychologist is an integral part of the entire treatment process. He conducts trainings on unloading the nervous system, uses body relaxation techniques, conducts individual consultations, trains memory, mind, and attention. With a clear improvement in the patient's condition, days off outside the hospital are allowed. After the patient returns, the psychologist analyzes adaptive capabilities. Thus, a person gradually returns to normal life.
It is important not to drink alcohol during treatment, because even a small glass of wine can provoke the disease and return it with tripled strength, which will only complicate the treatment.
Patient mood
It is difficult for anyone to judge human desires, but what could be more important than the desire to live, to feel normal every day, to enjoy life. The effectiveness of treatment depends on these desires. It is important for a sick person to hear approving comments from others. He must feel meaningful, important and necessary. If you are a sick person, then do not be shy about your desires, turn to people for help. Early diagnosis and treatment ensures quick healing.
After all, life is beautiful in all its manifestations, and, as you know, it is necessary to fight for it.
Few secrets
- Are you in a state of depression, do you want to get rid of it, but there is no positive result?
- Everything around is not happy, but do you want to feel happy every day?
- Do you not even remember the last time you slept like a baby and got enough sleep?
You may not believe what was said, but you can get rid of all these problems yourself. It is enough to overcome one problem every day and achieve your goal. Do not be afraid of communication, because it is difficult to overcome a depressed state alone, it is important to help and support loved ones.