The investment climate in Russia and in all countries with a market economy is determined by many factors: economic, political, social, financial, geographical, legal. The attractiveness of a country or a particular region for investors depends on them, who carefully evaluate them when investing money.
The investment climate is the place where all investment processes take place and this concept is acceptable for countries with market economies. It is favorable or unfavorable. Favorable - where the investor feels free, where he can actively work, freely and without risk, to attract additional resources. Adverse carries many risks, there is a capital outflow, which leads to a decrease in investment activity.
There are two reasons that affect the investment climate in Russia and other countries:
- objective, they should include climatic conditions, geographical location, the availability of energy resources, the geography of the place of investment;
- subjective (this is a purely human factor).
The country's investment climate is directly related to state policy in this direction, from economic and organizational measures to manage the country as a whole and locally.
Russia's investment climate is gradually improving; the government has made many positive decisions, backed up at the legislative level. Everyone understands the need to abandon oil dependence and improve the
diversification of the economy. There is a need to attract not only external, but also internal investments. Such a need is especially noticeable in the Asian regions of the country. Eastern regions should improve the investment climate in Russia. This has been repeatedly mentioned by Vladimir Putin in the forums.
For this, Dmitry Medvedev proposes in the Far East to create an investment regime and tax differentiation. He also made a proposal to create an investment fund of this region, this will improve the investment climate of the Far East.
The global economy is markedly reduced in development, all experts say this. But
Russia is in the leading part of the list by macroeconomic indicators. The country's accession to the WTO had a positive effect, this fact will increase the investment climate in Russia. At this time in Moscow there was an active discussion of the creation of the "International Financial Center". A difficult but necessary task has been posed since the 120th. places of attractiveness for investors to rise to the 20th., and within 2-3 years. This indicates the government’s desire to improve the investment climate in Russia as soon as possible.
But introducing investments into Russia remains a rather risky business. The technical apparatus is outdated, even a powerful scientific potential does not attract investors much. The Russian economy is developing extremely slowly, it is required to actively act and improve the country's investment policy .
The investment climate today indicates a decrease in citizens' trust in the state, which reduces domestic investment. Inflation and political instability also adversely affect this.
Particular attention should be given to priority measures:
- understanding of ruling structures with parties and public organizations;
- elimination of corruption and crime;
- decrease in inflation;
- improvement of the tax base;
- pass bankruptcy law;
- provide incentives to investors.