All requirements for compliance with the fire regime, the work of supervisory and controlling bodies, as well as organizations of any form of ownership in the field of fire protection contain normative documents on fire safety .
Law
In 1994, Law No. 68 On Fire Safety was introduced. Until today, it is the most important normative act in its field. Its content determines not only the duties and rights of civilians and officials, but also their area of responsibility in identifying violations of any of the requirements of the fire regime.
The law defines fire safety as a state of protection from related factors of the combustion process and its consequences.
With regard to legal entities, the following aspects are highlighted in this regulatory act:
1. The obligation to comply with the order of the representatives of the state supervision.
2. The implementation of all measures to create a safe environment for the functioning of an economic facility, including staff training in fire detection.
3. Assisting firefighters in the elimination of combustion.
Decree
In 2012, the "Rules of the PB" No. PPB-01-03 were canceled. He was replaced by a Government Decision No. 390 "On the fire regime."
More specific recommendations for ensuring fire safety have already been given here. The document contains about 500 points, which are divided into various sectors of the economy, for example, "Agriculture", "Educational Institutions", etc., and also reflects the requirements for electric gas welding, painting, construction, etc.
The resolution includes questions on the content of fire systems in places where a large number of people are staying, as well as a list of regulatory documents on fire safety that need to be developed in each organization regardless of type of activity, form of ownership and number of workers.
Standards
In Russia, a system of GOSTs has been developed with respect to fire safety. GOSTs are normative documents on fire safety, they are advisory and carry additional information to laws, regulations and decrees.
So, GOST is separately highlighted for safety signs, for emergency lighting systems, for an evacuation control system, for an internal fire water supply system , etc.
Building codes
SNiPs are the main regulatory documents on fire safety, which apply to designed, existing and reconstructed buildings and structures.
They determine where buildings should be located in terms of protecting them from sources of ignition, what distance should be maintained between buildings, where to place and how to equip smoking areas, how to develop a procedure for handling combustible and flammable wastes, how to maintain the territory in the spring-autumn period .
Moreover, all regulatory documents on fire safety also imply the definition of the area of responsibility of officials and civilians. Judicial practice distinguishes 3 types of responsibility: civil, administrative and criminal.
In the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation 215, 216, 217, 218 relate to specific sectors of the energy industry and provide for various penalties up to imprisonment if violations led to the death of a person. Art. 219, 293 are related not only to officials, but also to citizens whose illegal actions in the field of fire safety also led to death.
The Code of Administrative Offenses provides for administrative responsibility in specific sectors of economic activity for all the consequences of unlawful actions in violation of the fire safety legislation. Article 20.4 provides for all other cases of such violations.
Also, the punishment under the Civil Code according to Articles 1064 and 1065 as for causing harm to health and property is also inevitable.
Fire safety regulations must be followed to avoid legal action and criminal liability.