Mixed personality disorder: symptoms, types and treatment

Our society consists of completely different, dissimilar people. And this is visible not only in appearance - first of all, our behavior is different, the reaction to life situations, especially stressful. Each of us - and probably more than once - came across people with a difficult character, as people say, whose behavior does not fit into generally accepted norms and often causes condemnation. Today we look at a mixed personality disorder: the limitations that this ailment entails, its symptoms and treatment methods.

If in a person’s behavior there is a deviation from the norms, bordering on inadequacy, psychologists and psychiatrists consider this a personality disorder. There are several types of such disorders, which we will consider below, but most often diagnosed (if you can consider this definition really a diagnosis) is mixed. In fact, it is advisable to use this term in cases where the doctor cannot attribute the patient’s behavior to a specific category. Practitioners note that this is very common, because people are not robots, and it is impossible to identify pure types of behavior. All known types of personality are relative definitions.

Mixed personality disorder: definition

If a person has disturbances in thoughts, behavior and actions, he will have a personality disorder. This group of diagnoses refers to the mental. Such people behave inappropriately, perceive stressful situations differently, unlike absolutely mentally healthy people. These factors cause conflicts at work and in the family.

For example, there are people who cope with difficult situations on their own, while others seek help; some tend to exaggerate their problems, while others, on the contrary, downplay them. In any case, such a reaction is absolutely normal and depends on the nature of the person.

People who have mixed and other personality disorders, alas, do not understand that they have mental problems, so they rarely seek help on their own. Meanwhile, they really need this help. The main task of the doctor in this case is to help the patient understand himself and teach him how to interact in society, without harming himself or others.

Mixed personality disorder in ICD-10 should be sought under F60-F69.

This condition lasts for years and begins to manifest itself in childhood. At the age of 17-18, the formation of personality occurs. But since at this time the character is only being formed, a similar diagnosis at puberty is incorrect. But in the adult, when the personality is fully formed, the symptoms of personality disorder only worsen. And usually this is a type of mixed disorder.

In the ICD-10 there is another heading - /F07.0/ "Personality Disorder of Organic Etiology". It is characterized by significant changes in the usual image of premorbid behavior. Expression of emotions, needs and drives is especially affected. Cognitive activity can be reduced in the field of planning and anticipating the consequences for themselves and society. The classifier contains several ailments in this category, one of them is personality disorder due to mixed diseases (for example, depression). Such a pathology accompanies a person all his life if he does not know about his problem and does not struggle with it. The course of the disease is undulating - there are periods of remission during which the patient feels excellent. Transient-mixed personality disorder (i.e. short-term) is quite common. However, concomitant factors in the form of stress, taking alcohol or drugs, and even menstruation can cause a relapse or worsening of the condition.

An aggravated personality disorder can lead to serious consequences, including physical harm to others.

Causes of Personality Disorders

Personality disorders, both mixed and specific, usually occur against the background of brain injuries as a result of falls or accidents. However, doctors note that both genetic and biochemical factors, as well as social factors, are involved in the formation of this disease. Moreover, social play a leading role.

First of all, this is incorrect parenting - in this case, the character traits of a psychopath begin to form in childhood. In addition, none of us understands how fatal the stress is for the body. And if this stress turns out to be excessively strong, subsequently it can lead to a similar disorder.

Sexual violence and other psychological injuries, especially in childhood, often lead to a similar result - doctors say that about 90% of women with hysteria in childhood or adolescence were raped. In general, the causes of pathologies, which are designated in the ICD-10 as personality disorders in connection with mixed diseases, should often be sought in the patient's childhood or adolescence.

How are personality disorders manifested?

People with personality disorders usually have concomitant psychological problems - they turn to doctors for depression, chronic tension, problems with building relationships with family and colleagues. At the same time, patients are confident that the source of their problems is external factors that are independent of them and are beyond their control.

So, people with a diagnosis of "mixed personality disorder" have the following symptoms:

• problems with building relationships in the family and at work, as noted above;
• emotional disconnection, in which a person feels emotional emptiness and avoids communication;
• difficulties in managing their own negative emotions, which leads to conflicts and often even ends with assault;
• periodic loss of contact with reality.

Patients are unhappy with their lives, it seems to them that everyone around is guilty of their failures. It was previously believed that such an ailment is not treatable, but recently, doctors have changed their minds.

Mixed personality disorder, the symptoms of which are listed above, manifests itself differently. It consists of a number of pathological traits that are inherent in personality disorders described below. So, we will consider these types in more detail.

Types of Personality Disorders

Paranoid disorder. As a rule, such a diagnosis is made by arrogant people who are confident only in their point of view. Tireless debaters, they are sure that only they are always and everywhere right. Any words and actions of others that do not correspond to their own concepts, the paranoid perceives negatively. His one-sided judgments cause quarrels and conflicts. During decompensation, the symptoms intensify - paranoid people often suspect the infidelity of their spouses, as their pathological jealousy and suspicion increase at times.

Schizoid disorder. It is characterized by excessive isolation. Such people react with equal indifference to both praise and criticism. They are so cold emotionally that they are not able to show either love or hatred towards others. They are distinguished by an expressionless face and a monotonous voice. The world around for a schizoid is hidden by a wall of misunderstanding and embarrassment. Moreover, he developed abstract thinking, a tendency to think on deep philosophical topics, rich imagination.

A similar type of personality disorder occurs in early childhood. By the age of 30, the acute angles of pathological features are somewhat aligned. If the patient’s profession is associated with minimal contact with society, he successfully adapts to such a life.

Dissocial disorder. The type in which patients have a tendency to aggressive and rude behavior, neglect of all generally accepted rules, heartless attitude to relatives and friends. In childhood and puberty, these children do not find a common language in the team, often fight, behave defiantly. Run away from home. At a more mature age, they are deprived of any warm affection, they are considered "difficult people", which is expressed in the abuse of parents, spouses, animals and children. It is this type who is inclined to commit crimes.

Emotionally unstable disorder. It is expressed in impulsivity with a touch of cruelty. Such people perceive only their opinion and their outlook on life. Small troubles, especially in everyday life, cause them emotional stress, stress, which leads to conflicts, which sometimes turn into assault. These individuals do not know how to assess the situation adequately and react too violently to ordinary life problems. Moreover, they are confident in their own significance, which others do not perceive, treating them with prejudice, as patients are confident.

Hysterical disorder. Hysterical people are prone to increased emotional excitability, theatricality, a tendency to suggestibility, and sudden mood swings. They like to be in the spotlight, confident in their attractiveness and compelling. At the same time, they reason quite superficially and never take on tasks that require attention and dedication. Such people love and know how to manipulate others - relatives, friends, colleagues. By adulthood, prolonged compensation is possible. Decompensation can develop in stressful situations, during the menopause in women. Severe forms are manifested by a sensation of suffocation, a coma in the throat, numbness of the limbs and depression.

Attention! A tantrum can have suicidal tendencies. In some cases, these are just demonstrative attempts to commit suicide, but it also happens that hysterics, due to their tendency to violent reaction and hasty decisions, can quite seriously try to kill themselves. That is why it is especially important for such patients to consult psychotherapists.

Anancaste disorder. It is expressed in constant doubts, excessive caution and increased attention to detail. In this case, the essence of the type of activity is missed, because the patient is worried only about the details in the order, in the lists, in the behavior of colleagues. Such people are sure that they are doing the right thing, and constantly make comments to others if they are doing something “wrong”. The disorder is especially noticeable when a person performs the same actions - shifting things, constantly checking, etc. In compensation, patients are pedantic, accurate in their official duties, even reliable. But during the period of exacerbation, they have a feeling of anxiety, obsessive thoughts, fear of death. With age, pedantry and frugality develop into selfishness and stinginess.

Anxiety disorder is expressed in a sense of anxiety, timidity, lowered self-esteem. Such a person is constantly worried about the impression he makes, tormented by the consciousness of his own far-fetched unattractiveness.

The sick timid, conscientious, tries to lead a secluded life, as he feels safe in solitude. These people are afraid to offend others. Moreover, they are quite well adapted to life in society, since society treats them with sympathy.

The state of decompensation is expressed in poor health - lack of air, rapid heartbeat, nausea, or even vomiting and diarrhea.

Dependent (unstable) personality disorder. People with this diagnosis are characterized by passive behavior. They shift all responsibility for making decisions and even for their own lives to others, and if you shift it to no one, they feel incredibly uncomfortable. Patients are afraid to be abandoned by people who are close to them, distinguished by humility and dependence on other people's opinions and decisions. Decompensation is manifested in a complete inability to control one’s life with the loss of a “leader”, confusion, and bad mood.

If the doctor sees pathological features inherent in different types of disorders, he makes a diagnosis of “mixed personality disorder”.

The most interesting type for medicine is the combination of a schizoid and a tantrum. Such people often develop schizophrenia in the future.

What are the consequences of mixed personality disorder?

1. Such deviations in the psyche can lead to a tendency to alcoholism, drug addiction, suicidal tendencies, inadequate sexual behavior, hypochondria.
2. Improper parenting due to mental disorders (excessive emotionality, cruelty, lack of a sense of responsibility) leads to mental disorders in children.
3. Mental breakdowns are possible during ordinary everyday activities.
4. Personality disorder leads to other psychological disorders - depression, anxiety, psychosis.
5. The impossibility of full contact with a doctor or therapist due to distrust or lack of responsibility for their actions.

Mixed personality disorder in children and adolescents

Typically, personality disorder manifests itself in childhood. It is expressed in excessive disobedience, asocial behavior, rudeness. Moreover, such behavior is not always a diagnosis and may turn out to be a manifestation of a completely natural character formation. Only if this behavior is excessive and constant can we talk about a mixed personality disorder.

An important role in the development of pathology is played not so much by genetic factors as by education and social environment. For example, a hysterical disorder can occur against the background of insufficient attention and participation in the life of the child by the parents. As a result, about 40% of children with behavioral disorders continue to suffer from it.

Mixed personality disorder in adolescents is not considered a diagnosis. The disease can be diagnosed only after the puberty is over - an adult has a mature character that needs correction, but is not completely corrected. And during the puberty, such behavior is often the result of a “perestroika” that all adolescents experience. The main type of treatment is psychotherapy. Young people with severe mixed personality disorder in the stage of decompensation cannot work in industries and are not allowed into the army.

Personality Disorder Treatment

Many people who have been diagnosed with "mixed personality disorder" are primarily interested in how dangerous this condition is and whether it can be treated. Many are diagnosed by accident, patients claim that they do not notice its manifestations. Meanwhile, the question of whether it is being treated remains open.

Psychiatrists believe that it is almost impossible to cure a personality disorder of a mixed type - it will accompany a person throughout his life. However, doctors are confident that its manifestations can be reduced or even achieve stable remission. That is, the patient adapts to society and feels comfortable. At the same time, it is important that he wants to eliminate the manifestations of his ailment and fully contacts a doctor. Without this desire, therapy would not be effective.

Medications for the treatment of mixed personality disorder

If an organic personality disorder of mixed genesis is usually treated with drugs, then the disease we are considering is psychotherapy. Most psychiatrists believe that drug treatment does not help patients, because it is not aimed at changing the character that patients mainly need.

However, you should not give up medicines so quickly - many of them are able to alleviate a person’s condition by eliminating certain symptoms, such as depression, anxiety. In this case, medications should be prescribed carefully, because in patients with personality disorders drug dependence occurs very quickly.

The leading role in drug treatment is played by antipsychotics - taking into account the symptoms, doctors prescribe drugs such as Haloperidol and its derivatives. It is this drug that is most popular among doctors with personality disorder, as it reduces manifestations of anger.

In addition, other drugs are prescribed:

• "Flupectinsol" successfully copes with suicidal thoughts.
• "Olazapine" helps with affective instability, anger; paranoid symptoms and anxiety; has a beneficial effect with suicidal tendencies.
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DPT (dialectic behavioral therapy) is a technique that was developed by Marsha Linehan in the 90s. It is aimed primarily at treating patients who have experienced psychological trauma and cannot recover from it. According to the doctor, pain cannot be prevented, but suffering can. Specialists help their patients develop a different line of thinking and behavior. This will help in the future to avoid stressful situations and prevent decompensation.

Psychotherapy, including family therapy, is aimed at changing interpersonal relationships between the patient and his family and friends. Treatment usually lasts about a year. It helps to eliminate distrust, manipulativeness, arrogance of the patient. The doctor searches for the root of the patient’s problems, points to them. A three-year psychoanalysis is recommended for patients with narcissism syndrome (narcissism and narcissism), which also refers to personality disorders.

Personality Disorder and Driving License

Are mixed personality disorder and driver’s license compatible? Indeed, sometimes such a diagnosis may prevent the patient from driving, but in this case, everything is individual. The psychiatrist must determine exactly what types of disorders prevail in the patient and what their severity is. Only on the basis of these factors does the specialist make the final “vertict”. If the diagnosis was made years ago in the army, it makes sense to visit the doctor’s office again. Mixed personality disorder and driver’s license sometimes do not interfere with each other.

Restrictions on the patient's life

Patients usually do not have problems with finding a job by profession, and they interact with society quite successfully, although in this case it all depends on the severity of the pathological features. If the diagnosis is "mixed personality disorder", the restrictions cover almost all spheres of a person's life, since he is often not allowed in the army and driving a car. However, therapy helps smooth out these sharp corners and live like a completely healthy person.