To heat a medium-sized room, special heating systems based on an electric device are most often used. Such devices are considered safer than gas boilers, and are also environmentally friendly. In order to independently carry out the installation of such a device, you should consider in more detail the connection diagram of the electric heating boiler. Heat generators are characterized by high efficiency. This suggests that they will be able to heat the house of any type. Many modern technological equipment is equipped with an adjustment system, which helps at the discretion of the owner to adjust their work, making it more convenient.
The main advantages of the system
The electric heating boiler includes a heat exchanger, a metal tank, as well as a controller. Its purpose is the conversion of electric current to heating the coolant (oil, water or antifreeze). Such devices are commonly used for heating homes, offices, warehouses, shops, private buildings, as well as shops. The main advantages of the electrical circuit for connecting a private house to heating include:
- silent operation;
- compactness that helps to place the equipment in any room;
- safe operation due to the lack of open flame;
- carry out work only on electricity, differ in their environmental friendliness;
- a special power control circuit is installed in the device, which helps to accurately adjust the temperature inside the room;
- in the described boilers there are no mechanisms directly acting on each other, which indicates their high stability;
- Do not need constant monitoring;
- They are highly efficient (the efficiency indicator reaches 100 percent);
- Do not need permission from the appropriate organization for self-installation in the room;
- the water heater can remain off for 6 months, which will not affect its performance in any way (this quality is considered very important for suburban areas that owners visit only in the summer season);
- there are a large number of different electric boilers that differ in their power, mounting method and principle of operation;
- during heating of the liquid, the device does not form soot, which is so dangerous for the human body and the environment as a whole.
Another advantage of the device is the lack of parts that could directly act on each other mechanically. This helps at times reduce the risk of device failure.
If we compare the electric heating boiler with equipment operating on other types of coolant, then we can see some significant differences.
As an example, consider heating Protherm SKAT. Only a professional master can connect this type of boiler to electricity and the heating system. The device is best bought in a special store, as it will have all the necessary documents and will be placed in the factory packaging.
Opening the packaging is allowed only in the presence of an employee from a special organization. Together with the employee, it should be determined whether there are any damages on the surface of the equipment or other significant defects in which the use of the device is strictly prohibited by safety standards.
What safety rules should be followed?
The wiring diagram for the electric heating boiler must prescribe the safety instructions. Before you start mounting the device, special attention should be paid to the safety of electrical work.
The most important rule is to turn off the electrical energy when the heating boiler is being installed. You need to install the device, observing a certain distance from other objects located in the immediate vicinity:
- there should be at least five meters free space between the device’s body and the wall;
- the front panel should always remain accessible to the user, only 70 meters of free space will be enough for it;
- distance to the ceiling of at least 80 centimeters;
- the distance to the flooring is not less than 50 centimeters (if the electric boiler is suspended);
- the distance to a nearby pipe is at least 50 centimeters.
Another important rule is the mandatory three-phase network, designed for 380 watts, which will help significantly reduce current loads on the electrical wiring. When using a single-phase network, another wiring may be required to connect a heater of higher power. If you use the old one, then it may simply not withstand such a load and will lead to spontaneous combustion, short circuit.
Leak tightness
The last rule is the tightness of the joints. All wire connections must remain airtight and well protected from any liquid. If water accidentally gets on the contacts, then the pipeline itself can be severely damaged (for example, the coupler connected to the device will burst) when condensate drains from the ceiling (in an unheated room). Experts advise to protect the cable with corrugation or with a cable channel made of self-extinguishing material. With spontaneous combustion of wires, such material will help protect against the spread of fire to other areas.
All major projects and electrical circuits for connecting a house, supplying a transportation line, installing a pump and radiators are quite simple. The main task of the user in this case is to connect all the main elements and turn on the power in the correct sequence.
Equipment installation
The connection diagram for a solid fuel and electric boiler consists of several stages. To begin with, the unit will have to be installed indoors. The heater can be wall or floor. When using the floor model, a stand is specially included in the kit, on which the device is placed.
To hang the boiler on the wall, you need to prepare special anchors with dowels and a drill with the appropriate drill. First, mark the walls with a tape measure and marker. Holes should be marked on the wall with high accuracy and in horizontal projection. After drilling out the planned sections, hammer the dowels into them and screw the anchor. After the anchor sits well in the hole to it, it will be possible to suspend the heating system without fear.
It is important to remember that the installation of the device must occur with maximum accuracy in the horizontal and vertical plane. Any distortion and imperfection can lead to a deterioration in the operability of the heating device and even shorten the life of the device.
Electricity wiring
The connection diagram of the Skat electric boiler will not do without electricity wiring. Since the water heater, which is powered by electricity, is distinguished by its high power, it will have to be connected not from the outlet, but from the mains itself.
To do this, a separate line should be drawn from the power distribution box in the room directly to the installed heater. It is best to use a hidden cable routing for this, as this will help protect it from mechanical stress and will not ruin the appearance of the room.
To power the heating, you need to use a cable with a large cross section so that it can fully withstand the prolonged exposure to high current. It should be remembered that a water heater with a low power (below 7 kW) can be connected to a single-phase network, which is laid in Khrushchev and apartments built according to the old model.
And the last distinguishing feature of the electric heating connection scheme is that boilers with a capacity of up to 3.5 kW can function when connected to a simple outlet, but not when connected to a separate line of their junction box. Low-power boilers are best used in apartments, since the electrical wiring in them is most often single-phase. To do a new cable routing in this case will be inefficient.
Installing a safety device
After all the input wires are connected to the electrolyte, the circuit of the electrical connection of the boiler to the boiler must be supplemented with reliable protection. To do this, it is equipped with a circuit breaker and an RCD built into the main switchboard. A circuit breaker is important in the device in order to prevent short circuits and overloads of the wiring itself. Connecting the electrolyte to an RCD will help prevent various leaks and protect residents.
Also, many experts additionally recommend installing a voltage stabilizer, since any, even minimal surges in voltage, can lead to problems with the functioning of the device and even break it. Everyone knows about the need to ground the boiler, which works on electricity. In this case, it is most important to pay attention to the fact that the ground wire passes along a straight path - from the bus to the device case.
Activating a heating device
The circuit diagram of the heating system connection ends with the activation of the device. After all the parts are connected to the structure under consideration, it is necessary to carefully check the reliability of all connections. It is important to ensure that no exposed contacts or damaged insulation are left in any place.
It is also important to check all parts of the coupler, joints, pipes and taps. Only after a full inspection of the heating system can you proceed to start the device. First you need to push all the valves connected to the device, and then activate the operation of the electric boiler.
Particular attention should be paid to the functioning of temperature and pressure sensors, as well as the veracity of their indicators. The nominal values are set in the instructions that the manufacturer always attaches to his product. If there are any deviations from the norm, you should call a specialist as soon as possible.
Combination of gas and electric boiler
There is also a separate circuit for connecting a gas boiler to an electric boiler. In this combination, the electric boiler can act as a backup or main source. When conducting communication, it is best to use a manual connection scheme.
A gas-containing boiler is a proven and reliable device that can operate without breakdowns for a long time and does not require expensive maintenance. At the same time, installing an electric boiler in the system to insure heating in the automatic mode will be simply ineffective. In the event of a breakdown, the gas boiler can always be switched to the second unit.
Relay Connection Methods
There are several schemes for connecting an electrical relay. This includes:
- Parallel connection. With this method, the devices are divided into main output and high-speed. In the second models, the operating time reaches only 0.02 seconds. For mechanisms of standard design, the response time varies between 0.02 and 1.01 seconds.
- Serial connection type - used for instant short-term operation.
If the room is characterized by a stable voltage of the power source, then the intermediate relay is triggered on time. In addition, there is a built-in function to change the operation of the device during an emergency lowering of the voltage level to 40-60 percent. In the design, such an element may have one, two or three windings at once (triple windings are quite rare).
Connecting an intermediate relay is considered a very important stage for any device, since it is a relay that helps not only to automatically interrupt the circuit, but also significantly increases the functionality of other relays that are in the same electrical circuit.
The operating time of the device will directly depend on the frequency of its operation. It will be determined by the number of cycles of operation and return to the opposite position. The degree of protection of the equipment from the negative factors surrounding the device will be evaluated by the criterion for the transition of contacts from one position to another.
Basic device connection diagrams
After the electrical relay is mounted in an electrical device, you need to connect it to the electrical system. To do this, use the coil contacts and the contact elements themselves. As a rule, a relay has several pairs of contacts at once (it includes normal opening and normal closing).
During normal operation, the device does not send any signals to the coil. Since there is no polarity in the coil, the contacts are connected to each other in any form.
Connecting an electric heater in the room is a rather expensive job. To make the device more economical to use, more modern mechanisms should be added to the heating system, for example, a warm floor, which will help to more efficiently distribute heat throughout the room. Experts also recommend buying a two-tariff meter for energy consumption and turning on heating at night. In the daytime, most often everyone works and there is no need for space heating. It is better to fully heat the house at night, as this will help to save significantly.
The best heating of the room can be achieved by placing the boiler in the lower part of the heating system. In addition, special automation should be used, which makes it possible to turn on the heating system at a certain time or only if the temperature drops to a certain point. Equipment in this case will produce heat only if necessary. Another method to save on the use of an electric boiler is to purchase heat accumulators. Such devices with water can warm the room throughout the day, and the liquid in them will heat up at night.