Description of groups into which mental illnesses are divided. List of Mental Disorders

Mental illness can be divided into three groups: autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenic and manic-depressive disorders. In psychiatry, it is generally accepted that the term “disorder” is equivalent to the term “mental illness”.

Autistic Disorders List

Classic autism is Kanner’s autism. The patient has a genetic predisposition to disorders at the neurological level. There is a decrease in the ability to control emotions and find mutual understanding with other people. Kanner's autism includes some other mental illnesses. The list can be supplemented by two more common types of autism: low-functioning and high-functioning. The first signs of these two diseases can appear at a very young age (about 18 months). The difference between them is only in the IQ level: the level of a patient with highly functional autism is always significantly lower than that of his healthy peers. Autism is difficult to treat. Asperger's Syndrome is a form of autism in which it is difficult for a person to understand the emotions of other people, which, in turn, leads to isolation.

Alzheimer's disease - with this disease, it is difficult for a person to find words for certain objects, terms, events, and besides, he suffers from too short a memory. Rett syndrome is more common in girls, because almost all boys with this syndrome are born dead. In addition to the mental, there are violations in the coordination of movements. Savant's Syndrome: Serious impairments of mental development occur in all areas of life, except for one specific area, usually associated with art.

Atypical autism or autistic traits: the patient has only part of the typical symptoms of autistic disorder. For example, there may be disturbances in the development of speech, but the desire for interaction will remain.

Symptomatic schizophrenia-like disorder resembles schizophrenia, but does not leave a defect: after effective treatment, there are no complications.

Continuous-flow schizophrenia - hallucinations sometimes last up to six months; a person loses legal capacity. After a course of treatment, relapse is possible after a certain period of time. The patient is difficult to drug treatment, psychotherapy often gives insignificant results.

Paroxysmal schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder: the symptomatology resembles manic-depressive mental illness (the list is given below). In paroxysmal schizophrenia, in addition to sensory delirium and other typical symptoms, there are phases of emotional recovery and decline, replacing each other.

Names of mental illness in the manic-depressive spectrum

In manic-depressive psychosis - MDP (bipolar disorder) - the course of the disease depends on the sequence and duration of the three phases: mania, depression and the state of enlightenment of consciousness. The disease usually begins between 20 and 30 years old.

Epileptic paroxysms of temporal origin - paroxysmal disease. The main symptom of an attack is various types of hallucinations that occur simultaneously. This type of disorder can occur both in childhood and against the background of alcohol or drug intoxication.

Neurotypic syndrome: the main symptom is a pathological desire for presence among other people, increased social activity. The patient is unable to be alone with himself, but it is difficult for him to listen to another; any difference between people from himself causes obsessive fear.

It is important to note that this page lists only the most common mental illnesses. The list of diseases in a detailed study of any of the three main types of disorders must be clarified.