The media, the media, the media consumer are very influential in the progressive informational upheaval. They also have a great influence on political life. It is mass media, or mass media, that contribute to the formation of public conclusions and views on the most significant political issues. Using the media, the source data is transmitted visually, verbally, by an audio signal. This is a kind of wide broadcast channel for a mass audience.
The concept of mass media
State bodies, public organizations, news agencies regularly disseminate various information sources. Mass media are institutions that openly, publicly transmit information using special technical means. The main distinguishing feature of mass communication is publicity.
Process and disseminate information on a massive scale by the media. Media is the same as mass media. Basically, they quickly inform the public about the events and phenomena of today.
Types of media
So, mass media is a technical complex that provides the creation of verbal, textual, figurative, sound, musical materials. How to convey all kinds of information to the listener? Media is the media that can broadcast news through a broadcast channel. There are two types of media :
- Electronic mass media (television, radio, online publications).
- Press, print runs.
The press, radio, television are constantly working with a large audience, giving her sound, visual, verbal notifications. In Russian, the term "media" appeared in the 70s of the 20th century, before it there was the concept of "QMS" (mass media). The modern name is mass media. This is a system consisting of many channels: books, newspapers, almanacs, magazines, brochures, television and radio programs, Internet sites.
Print media
The oldest mass media institutes are newspapers, books, magazines, almanacs, and weeklies. The product coming out of print carries the initial data in the form of alphabetic text. It can also be drawings, diagrams, posters, graphics, photographs. The reader can independently perceive this information; he does not need auxiliary technical means, such as a radio, television or computer. After reading this or that article, everyone can analyze it himself.
Printed publications are important repositories of information. With the help of typography, a person got the opportunity to express his most daring thoughts. Here it is appropriate to give an example of the myth of Ancient Greece about King Cadmus. This lord managed to sow the dragon’s teeth. At the place of their germination, warriors with weapons appeared. In this myth, a peculiar allegory with the alphabet is carried out: the word is able to defeat accurately and quickly, like a weapon. Many political leaders have been able to expand their power thanks to the printed word. It was the print edition that made the "civilized" person.
To date, the press loses a bit to electronic mass media in terms of efficiency. This is due to the fact that the preparation of print runs, numbers, their delivery requires a lot of time. Journalists consider the "bad news" "real news", that is, they need to give a little negative mood. Therefore, the press can be considered a completely constructed thing.
Modern media
In the modern world, the media forms a public opinion on an event. Sometimes media is entertaining rather than informative. Today, the audience is very influential in the ways of presenting information, because everyone has the opportunity to express their vision of what is happening. Thanks to this, a feedback system is actively developing. Advertisers often use the media mechanism to distribute advertising messages. Sometimes the movie can also be attributed to the media.
Characteristics of the media
The main feature of the media is the frequency; news should be published at least once a day. The next distinguishing feature is mass, they are designed for a large audience. Another important factor can be considered coercion, when one broadcaster gathers a lot of listeners. Here are the main areas of mass media activity:
- periodic distribution of mass materials;
- printing publications: magazines, newsletters, almanacs, newspapers;
- newsreels broadcast;
- creation of radio and television programs;
- accumulation of books in libraries;
- creating online blogs;
- release of small runs;
- holding conferences, forums;
- issue of wall newspaper.
Russian mass media
Russia is characterized by its distinctive features that define the media. Any publication must necessarily have mass character and go out with a circulation of at least 1000 copies. Domestic newspapers, magazines, newsletters should be published periodically, that is, at least once a year. Publication should be compelled: for many listeners, information should come from the same source.
The Russian media must go through fixation in Roskomnadzor. Printed publications must be transferred to libraries, where they are kept for a whole year. Mass media are protected by rights and guarantees. All censorship attempts are also prohibited.
Each publication has its own methods of transmitting source data and presenting it to the public. Today in Russia there are 23 television channels that are designed for the whole country. In addition to these main channels, 117 cable and satellite lines are broadcast, 15 of which are broadcast outside of Russia.
In some areas of the country, their broadcast programs are being published. In general, over 3,000 television channels broadcast throughout Russia.
The most common Russian mass media are newspapers and magazines. On average, more than 27,000 newspapers and weeklies, over 20,000 magazines, and about 800 almanacs are registered throughout the country. In large cities of Russia, almost 12% of the population reads the daily press. Magazines are much more interested in readers, over 60%. News broadcasts are the most popular.
Internet Position in the Media
Today, the Internet has become among the young generation the most common source of information. Internet pages are full of the latest news in various fields of human activity, from the most remote corners of the planet. Internet media is the most modern and convenient media. What sites you will not meet here! This is very convenient, because at any time unverified information can be replaced.
The Internet is constantly being improved; Internet media are changing, attracting an ever wider audience. Many traditional media have their own sites on the Internet, which includes advertising.
Mass communication and mass media
The systematic transmission of messages through television, radio, the press, video and sound recordings in order to exert a political, ideological, psychological, economic influence is called mass communication. She is able to influence the behavior and actions of people. The object of influence of mass communication is man. There are four types of audience:
- consumer;
- professional;
- sexually mature;
- spiritual.
And what are the most common forms of mass communication? Verbal, figurative, musical information is transmitted very quickly using the following forms:
- educational;
- religious;
- propaganda;
- cultural mass;
- advertising.
Thanks to mass communications, a harmonious development of the individual is ensured, and social control over the masses is ensured. It is also the driving force of social progress. The exchange of information makes it possible to bring socio-cultural patterns to individuals, thanks to which they build views on the family, state, and religion. The meaning of the word "communication" in this case is "communication and communication." It is important to remember that the culture of individual people depends on the media.