A fairly frequent occurrence at an industrial enterprise is accidents that occurred as a result of employees' non-observance of labor safety.
Basics and Definitions
Safety at a manufacturing enterprise, regardless of its profile, is a set of measures taken regarding the organization of labor that ensure the safety of the work process as a whole and each employee separately. The above document is a legislative act highly recommended for compliance. Failure to comply with the rules listed in the enterprise safety regulations entails administrative punishment in accordance with the gravity of the violations. The development and approval of this document is carried out, first of all, in order to reduce accidents during the production process.
Strict adherence to safety regulations is recommended not only to maintain the continuity of the production process, but also in order to protect workers during the performance of certain works.
Material support
For the proper organization of a safe workflow, funds are needed that are allocated directly from the enterprise fund. They also finance a special service or structural unit responsible for monitoring the observance of safety measures by workers.
In order to optimally organize a safe production process, the organization’s management, first of all, is obliged to provide workers with personal protective equipment (work clothing, safety shoes) and carefully monitor the serviceability and quality of technical equipment. Also important is the proper organization of the working process, including working conditions - ventilation, lighting, temperature conditions, devices for removing unnecessary production waste.
Regardless of the profile and specialization, it is very important that the safety rules at the enterprise are studied by each employee working on it. The organization is directly interested in reducing and minimizing the number of accidents, therefore, in order to familiarize employees with a document containing labor protection rules, the company must necessarily have a specially trained person responsible for this aspect.
Personnel Responsibilities
Undoubtedly, the main task of the staff is to perform specialization. But the observance of labor safety rules is also considered to be an equally important moment in the work of the enterprise. In order to know and fulfill them, each employee, before starting to perform his duties, must be familiar with the instructions for labor protection, which must be documented.
Safety measures for public catering enterprises. Features
Mostly, harmful factors are found in catering establishments such as chemical (air pollution by dust and vapors), physical (temperature changes, vibration, noise, microwave and infrared radiation, electrical voltage), more rarely biological (fungal bacteria, pathogenic microorganisms) .
In addition, the entire production process of workers is associated with nervous tension due to constant communication and contacts during work. Given the above factors, it is very important that the employee immediately before assuming the position be familiar with his job descriptions, and during work he should be focused and attentive. Safety measures at catering facilities differ from similar instructions of organizations of other profiles due to the fact that employees are constantly in contact not only with each other, but also with equipment and directly with open fire points, which are fraught with fire, and electric current.
Features of labor protection at enterprises of various profiles
Safety measures at the enterprise are developed in accordance with the characteristics of the production process. But there are basic rules that are common to all organizations.
In order to prevent occupational injuries and accidents on the territory of the enterprise, fencing of dangerous places is organized by installing light or sound (or both) alarms and warning signs. Also not uncommon in this area are special posts and guards.
In the territory where there is heavy traffic of vehicles (moving workpieces, parts, etc., transportation and removal of materials and finished products), safety measures at the enterprise without fail include such items as instructing personnel on the rules for finding and moving through sections, where does the movement take place. In addition, the attention of employees is drawn to the fact that you should be extremely attentive to light and sound signals and, of course, do not forget to be guided by various warnings.
Safety features at construction enterprises in the territory of which there are railway tracks
At enterprises whose territory is partially occupied by railways, you should be especially careful when moving. Before exiting around the corner, it is imperative to remember the possible appearance of a moving train. Rail access roads should be crossed in places specially designed for this (bridges, level crossings).
The cars moving along the tracks must be skipped and only after that continue driving, not forgetting that the train can also move along the neighboring track. Moving under standing wagons is strictly forbidden due to the fact that the maneuvering train can move completely unexpectedly.
Construction enterprises. Features of labor protection
Safety measures at the enterprise, on the territory of which earthworks and construction works are being carried out (installation and lifting of metal structures, digging a pit, repair of various hoisting mechanisms and machines) categorically prohibits entry to the territory of objects surrounded by prohibitive inscriptions and fences. This is due to the fact that the opening of trenches and hatches with incorrectly applied covers can cause accidents and industrial injuries. Also, in construction sites, there may be crossbeams with nails and slats sticking out of them, scaffolding, scaffolding and various objects falling, therefore, to avoid injuries, you should extremely carefully move around the territories on which construction work is carried out.
Enterprises whose work is associated with high electrical voltage. Features
The main documents that should be followed when carrying out work on the territory of organizations whose activities are connected with high electric voltage are job descriptions, safety measures at the enterprise, which are prescribed separately for each specialization of employees.
For example, during the passage of electric welding posts, you should protect your eyes from the flame at a distance of at least 30 meters from the burning place. Failure to comply with this rule threatens various eye diseases or even loss of vision. It is also forbidden to touch bare or dangling wires, including stepping on them, as they can be energized and can cause injuries or even death.