At the present stage of development of economic relations, as strange as it may seem to some not only ordinary people, but also experts, the human potential of the performer remains, as before. Of course, technological and technological progress, the introduction of the most advanced technologies, which are largely able to replace a person in monotonous and routine work, eliminate harmful and dangerous conditions, is of great importance, but the role of creativity in many professions becomes even more important. Thus, the results of production directly depend on the quality of labor of a highly professional and highly skilled workforce. As a result, the segmentation of the labor market has recently taken on an increasingly pronounced shape.
Why does labor market segmentation arise
Everyone knows the triad "capital-land-labor", which is the basis for increasing labor productivity and, accordingly, income. Only in the last few decades, on a macroeconomic scale, the international marketing complex has shown that it was precisely labor, namely skilled labor, that became the determining factor. The result of such events, of course, is increased segmentation of the labor market, that is, a situation where it is not economically feasible for a qualified specialist to move to another area, which greatly complicates the movement of labor. It is worth noting that segments of the world labor market have already largely formed as stable, inactive formations.
Prospects for Change
But this is only one side of the coin. As practice shows, there is no exclusively one-sided fact or one hundred percent sustainable process. Of course, the global market segmentation stimulates the development of narrow specialists, moreover, employers are willing to invest quite a lot of money in advanced training, training their workers and employees (for example, in the United States we are talking about tens of billions of dollars of private capital alone, not to mention the state, where this figure reaches hundreds). But there is a reverse process in this process. Please note that the fundamental principles of most developed countries (at least de jure) are the social orientation of production, that is, social protection of the worker is paramount. But this fact means, at least, the mobility of the latter. Thus, various kinds of retraining courses for workers in other specialties are becoming more widespread. Very often, the employers themselves are interested in this, experiencing a shortage of labor, including qualified, in one or another direction of production.
Global scale
The labor market in recent years has become an important, one might say, strategic aspect of international politics. The problem of migration, to which the complex of international marketing has led, is very acute in most countries of Europe, and in America too. The so-called prospects of social protection of the population attract various groups of people as a magnet, which, by definition, are not foreign labor. On the one hand, there is a desire to attract highly qualified specialists to the country, on the other hand, the prospect of increasing unemployment due to the visiting population. In this situation, the segmentation of the labor market appears in all its splendor, linking the employee, contractor and his workplace. Nevertheless, studies prove that most Russian employers prefer executives who are able to work creatively, creatively, to show organizational and managerial qualities, for example, in Western countries, according to surveys, such employees make up about 40%.