Enterprises around the world are subject to classification, referring to light, heavy, food or other industries. They provide services as a link in the social sphere or service sector. However, many of the activities imply a license. But there are enterprises engaged in the development of deposits, directly the extraction, transportation, processing or storage of hazardous substances. They must and must have a document such as a declaration of industrial safety.
The presence of this act by organizations is stipulated by Article 14 of the Federal Law “On Industrial Safety of Hazardous Production Facilities” adopted on June 20, 1997. Similar acts exist in almost every country in the world. However, the declaration of hazardous activities in Russia has been carried out since 1995.
The industrial safety declaration takes into account the following points:
1. provide and consider all types of risks from the activities of the organization;
2. Prevent and minimize threats from accidents;
3. to ensure 100% readiness of the equipment for further operation in full compliance with all industrial safety requirements;
4. to describe the measures for localization and liquidation of an accident at the production site;
5. take into account and take measures to prevent large-scale disasters and minimize the amount of damage if an accident does occur.
The development of an industrial safety declaration is carried out directly with the development of documents for the construction, reconstruction, technical re-equipment, expansion, modernization and overhaul of an industrial hazardous facility. In addition, even with the liquidation and conservation of the enterprise, the availability of this document is necessary.
If the organization is preparing for expansion, modernization (technical re-equipment), suspension of its activities or closure, then the declaration goes through the procedure called "examination of the industrial safety declaration." Project documentation related to these processes passes through state analysis in accordance with the established requirements indicated by the legislation of a particular country (in this case, the Russian Federation).
After the experts consider the drawn-up plan, the industrial safety declaration with marks and a conclusion goes to Rostekhnadzor. It is this organization, or rather, its central apparatus, that is the body that exercises direct control, as well as supervision of compliance with all stages of the activity of hazardous industries. After that, the document is submitted to local authorities, citizens, organizations in the sequence established by the government of the country.
An industrial safety declaration is available in every country. The need for it is associated with a huge number of accidents at enterprises that use hazardous substances. This is what prompted the European Economic Union first, and then other countries to adopt a Directive containing measures to prevent industrial accidents and minimize the consequences after them.