The fire regime is the requirements that the state obliges to fulfill the owners of commercial and industrial real estate. This need is due to a sound assessment of the potential fire hazard.
The essence of the fire regime
Initially, it is worthwhile to understand that the fire regime is a set of rules that are designed to protect citizens from the risk of fire, and also provide for certain behavior of people if a similar incident occurs.
Such rules have been developed for organizations and educational institutions. They include the organization of production, as well as the maintenance of buildings, territories, premises and any objects. Such organization principles are focused on ensuring fire safety, taking into account modern standards.
The approval of the fire safety instructions for various objects is the responsibility of the head, company or organization. This function can also be performed by any authorized official.
As for storage facilities and those territories that fall into category B1 (fire hazardous), the conditions for organizing safety are determined separately.
Employee training
Given the fact that the fire regime is a set of rules that must be followed, the employees of the enterprise should be allowed to work at the facilities only after passing the appropriate training in the necessary fire safety measures.
Such training, as a rule, takes the form of briefing and passing the rules of the fire minimum. As for the timing and procedure, they are set by the head. The basis of such training are normative documents on fire safety.
Compliance Officer
The fire regime implies such a duty of the head as the appointment of a person who will be responsible for fire safety. For such purposes, the candidate of any employee who has the necessary organizational and administrative powers is suitable. It is better to give preference to the head of the structural unit. Moreover, it is worth emphasizing the idea that the head of the enterprise is personally obliged to carry out such an appointment.
In this case, an ambiguous situation is possible, the essence of which is reduced to the potential refusal of the appointed employee to accept responsibility for fire safety. In order to avoid such a development of events, the head of the company needs to initially review the terms of the employment contract, in which such duties of the employee should be prescribed. If necessary, you can always make the necessary adjustments. But according to the legislation of the Russian Federation, an employee must be warned of such changes in his employment contract and obtain written consent for their introduction.
If you have to control the situation in rooms that are used to organize the work of more than 50 people, then it makes sense to create a fire and technical commission. This will allow you to correctly distribute the load on the responsible person and to fulfill all the necessary requirements.
Features requirements for large objects
The fire regime in the Russian Federation implies special requirements for those facilities on the territory of which a large number of people work or are located.
The duties of the head of the enterprise include the following requirements:
- at least once within 6 months to conduct practical training of individuals;
- draw up instructions for the actions of company personnel during the evacuation of people in case of fire and familiarize employees with it;
- check the availability of electric lamps (according to calculations, one lamp for 50 employees).
As for the leaders of trade enterprises and organizations, the rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation provide for them one more obligation. It is about taking additional fire safety measures during various promotions, sales and other events of a similar format.
Rules for public events
When a particular room is used for corporate events, discos of various celebrations and other events, the owner of the space used must fulfill several conditions:
- ensure the duty of responsible persons in hall rooms and on the stage;
- inspect the premises before the event to determine the fact of its compliance with existing requirements.
It should be understood that the rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation do not oblige the owner of the premises to personally carry out all the actions listed above. He can successfully delegate these responsibilities to those in charge. But such an employee must be full-time or work in an organization at least part-time.
It is important to pay attention to the work of the company at night. In this case, a special fire regime becomes relevant. The first of the requirements is the organization of round-the-clock duty staff. Moreover, the manager is expected to provide daily information to the local fire department about how many people work in the enterprise as part of a particular shift.
Other requirements may be presented to the head of the enterprise. One of them is the presence on the doors of the premises, as well as outdoor installations of signs indicating the category of their fire and explosion hazard.
It is worth knowing that it is the leader who is responsible for the timely elimination of fire-retardant coatings (coatings, varnishes, plaster, special paints), heat-insulating, combustible and finishing materials, metal supports of equipment, building structures, etc. The quality of flame retardant treatment (processing) also have to check.
Key Limitations
Fire mode is a set of requirements, which implies some prohibitions. So, on the basis of legislation it is forbidden:
- produce glazing of those rooms that lead to non-smoke stairwells;
- place stalls, pantries, kiosks and various utility buildings in the elevator halls;
- use technical floors, attics, ventilation chambers and any other technical rooms for the purpose of production, as well as storage of furniture, equipment and products;
- use and store flammable liquids, celluloid and aerosolized products in attics, in basements and basements;
- install external air conditioning units in the stairwells;
- organize utility rooms and workshops in the basement and basement, provided that the fire exit is blocked or absent.
It is easy to notice that the fire regime is an urgent and necessary measure that can preserve property and even people's lives.