In any room, a person feels comfortable only if his safety from any factors that can threaten his life is ensured. It is not for nothing that they have long been saying "my house is my fortress." With the development of new technologies, security has become more affordable. One of the many links in the safety chain is a flame detector.
Application area
The flame detector has mainly two widespread applications. Firstly, it is used in fire detection and extinguishing systems of buildings and structures. The second area of application for this small-sized equipment is the safety automation of heating boilers and other gas-consuming units.
Application of flame sensors in fire systems
In fire systems, usually three types of devices are used: thermal, smoke and flame detectors. Heat and smoke, especially in large rooms, can lose their effectiveness due to the fact that smoke can dissipate over a large area. And since the sensor has a different sensitivity threshold, it may not work. The same is with the thermal type, especially in industrial premises in the summer, when the temperature rises naturally, and it is possible either a false alarm or reset to a higher temperature.
An alternative to these devices, and even better, in addition to them,
fire alarm systems must be equipped with flame sensors. They have no dependence on convection (heat and smoke transfer). A flame detector, the principle of which is based on the detection of radiation that emits an open flame, is most common in fire alarm systems. Radiation from an open flame goes up, so fire detectors must be installed on the ceiling of the room so that the fire is in its direct line of sight.
What are the flame sensors
Infrared.
Ultraviolet.
Ultrasonic
Infrared flame sensors respond to radiant heat from an open flame, unlike thermal sensors that react to air heating.
In rooms where there are electric heaters or other devices (sources of infrared radiation), UV sensors are used.
Ultrasonic devices that are triggered by movement are more relevant to security systems. But since they are triggered by the movement of air, and it can be caused by a fire, resulting in the movement of different temperature air masses, the use of ultrasonic types in fire alarm systems is justified.
Installation Features
The flame sensors that are part of fire detectors must be correctly and correctly installed, since the speed of the fire alarm and the speed of extinguishing the fire depend on this.
- They should be installed on the ceiling of the room. If the ceilings are stretch, or their design does not allow installation, then the devices are placed on the walls around the perimeter, columns, if any, or use a system of special tension cables, while the distance from the ceiling should not exceed 30 cm.
One electrical circuit can combine no more than 10 sensors. This requirement applies only to residential and administrative premises. For production, the number of sensors is limited to five.
The number of sensors should strictly correspond to the area of the premises, based on passport data.
Installation of a fire alarm should be done by an experienced and qualified specialist. The owner of the room, if he is not a specialist, will not be able to repair the flame sensor with his own hands. This should be done by a knowledgeable person, since in the future it can save a life.
Application of a flame detector in boilers
The use of a flame detector in boilers is based on safety and economy reasons. Since the alarm is triggered during unstable operation of the torch, the operation of the boiler is adjusted to the specified and economical operation mode. If the burner suddenly goes out, then at the signal of the device the flow of gas or other type of fuel is immediately stopped, which prevents the threat of explosion. The flame detector circuit is individual for various types of boilers, furnaces and other gas consuming units.
Among the models of flame detection devices produced in Russia, the following can be noted:
“Parus-002UF” is used both in single-burner and multi-burner boilers, as well as in furnaces with a hot lining, operating on gas or liquid fuel.
Parus-003TsUF is used for the selective control of boilers with several burners operating on gas or liquid fuel.
DMS-100M is used for the selective control of boilers with several burners operating only with liquid fuel.
DMS-100M-PF is used to control torch tarnishing in boilers operating on coal or wood.
SL-90 - this flame sensor is used in boilers with no more than two burners, while the temperature of the lining of the unit and convective bundles should not exceed 500 0 C. The fuel for boilers is gas, coal and liquid fuel.