Psychopathy is a very complex manifestation of the human psyche. It represents the stable properties and character traits of thinking and human behavior. As a rule, psychopathy, the symptoms of which are deviating, creates great difficulties for its socialization, in some cases, they become insurmountable. The manifestations of psychopathy complicate the most important thing in the process of personality socialization - the identification of self-consciousness, which may result in a loss of behavioral guidelines and value criteria.
Medical literature and practice classifies the types of psychopathy into congenital and acquired. The former are the result of various kinds of hereditary diseases and mutations, the treatment of these species is extremely difficult, especially when they are latent (hidden) in nature. Acquired psychopathies occur in cases of damage to the central nervous system arising for reasons of both a social and medical nature (consequences of any disease).
People who have psychopathy, the symptoms of which are easily observed from the outside, are usually under constant medical supervision, and are limited in their choice of type of work. In addition to disharmony, an unstable type of character, inadequate behavior in the most ordinary life situations, these individuals are easily recognized by the high level of vulnerability, resentment, a peculiar reaction to what is happening.
In medicine, a classification of types of psychopathy has developed, which, among the main ones, distinguishes the following:
- a schizoid type is a psychopathy, the symptoms of which are manifested in the isolation of a person, are characterized by emphasized egocentricity and excessive officialism in relations even with close people. Such people, as a rule, prefer loneliness, avoid acquaintances or fear them, show signs of autism. In some cases, schizoid psychopathy can result in unreasonable cruelty, therefore, according to psychiatry, it is important for such people to establish the so-called psychoesthetic proportion - a parameter that characterizes the degree of compatibility, that is, a kind of combination of unjustifiably high sensitivity to the environment and the level of manifested rigidity in everyday behavior with surrounding.
- The psychasthenic appearance is manifested in exaggeratedly dubious human behavior. Indecision, insecurity in one's own feelings, decisions and actions, inaction itself are the signs that psychasthenic psychopathy suggests. Such people are not socially dangerous or unpredictable in their actions, moreover, they can be excellent executing workers, because, as a rule, they are very pedantic, responsible. More acutely and clearly such signs appear in psychastenics when they have to end up in unfamiliar living conditions or unfamiliar situations. Sometimes this type also manifests itself in a disconcentration of attention due to high fatigue from performing any actions, the correctness of which this person doubts.
- affective psychopathy manifests itself in a person’s fixation on some, often irrational idea. Such people are changeable in their mood, the emotional accompaniment of their actions is not always adequate to the event.
- paranoid psychopathy occurs as a result of affective progression. Its signs can be despotism and secrecy, completely unjustified cruelty, obsessions, and all this can be accompanied by persistent in time and sharp in the nature of the flow of affects of behavior.
- hysterical psychopathy, its symptoms are most explicative (observed from the side). They can appear even in clothes, slang, relationships, and all in order to emphasize their “distinctiveness” from others and their significance. In some cases, hysteria can become very sharp, which is accompanied by screams, inadequate gesticulation, trembling hands and end very hard - loss of speech and even consciousness
The above classification cannot act as a criterion; medical practice shows that a person may simultaneously have symptoms belonging to different types of disease.