The gas mask serves as a means of protecting the respiratory tract and facial skin from harmful factors. It is usually used in emergency situations. And since they arise suddenly, it is necessary to learn in advance how to wear a gas mask. This work is simple, you just need to learn a few principles.
Size selection
Most often, a gas mask GP-7 is used to protect the face and respiratory organs. To determine its size, you need to measure the circumference of the head horizontally and vertically. According to the first option, the centimeter tape runs along the forehead. Vertical girth involves measuring the top of the head, cheekbones, chin.
The results must be added up, after which it is necessary to determine the size from the following data:
- 0 size - up to 93 cm;
- 1 - 93-95;
- 2 - 95-99;
- 3 - 99-103;
- 4 - more than 103.
Use only a suitable gas mask, as it will reliably protect against harmful substances. An improperly sized device causes discomfort, moreover, it will not be able to completely protect from contaminated air.
What protects from?
Gas mask GP-7 protects the lungs, eyesight, face skin from radiation dust, hazardous components, biological substances. The device is filtering. The basic configuration does not contain protection against ammonia, organic components that have a boiling point of 65 degrees.
The device can not protect against nitric oxide, carbon. To protect against these substances, a ROM-PU cartridge is required. Gas mask must be selected depending on the type of harmful substances.
Training
How to wear a gas mask so that it reliably protects against the penetration of harmful substances? The bag should be passed through the right shoulder so that it is located on the left side. Its valve is facing itself, and with a mobile buckle, the length of the belt must be bent so that the upper part of the bag is in the region of the waist belt.
Then you need to unfasten the valve, pull out the gas mask, check the strength of the FPK fixation to the front. You need to wipe the glass, which becomes less transparent. The gas mask fits in the bag, after which it must be fastened, pushed back so that walking is free. If required, the bag can be secured with a belt braid.
Sock rules
How to wear a gas mask? To prepare it, you need to unzip the bag. The gas mask is attached to the body with braid. Then, loosening the chin strap of the headset and headband ribbons is required. Then you should unfasten the cap with a visor from the twirl of the OZK. Bag strap under the duffel bag.
How to wear a gas mask of the type -2, , ? First you need to remove the belt, thread on the back of the bag into the belt loop and fix it on the body. The bag must be moved back so that walking is free. The fighting situation comes with the command "gases", "chemical anxiety".
Donning Rules
How to wear a gas mask so that it is face protection? To do this, you must:
- close eyes;
- hold the breath;
- remove the headgear;
- pull out the gas mask;
- take the helmet mask by the edges.
The thumbs should stay outside and the others inside. Under the chin, you need to attach the lower part of the mask, and sharply pull the helmet-mask over the head so that there are no wrinkles. If they appeared, then you must perform the procedure again. Then the eyes must be opened, and breathing restored.
Fighting position of PMK and PM-2
Putting on a gas mask of these species is simple. To bring them into combat position, you need to take 2 side straps, stretch them, fix the chin in the lower recess of the shutter. Move up the cap.
When donning, avoid skewing the mask, straps and twists of the shutter. It should fit snugly to the face, both at rest, and with sudden movements.
Other options
How to put on a gas mask in another way? Other donning options are suitable, but they must be correct and quick. In addition, it is important to preserve the front of the device.
To put on a gas mask while lying down, you must:
- close eyes;
- hold the breath;
- remove a hat with a steel helmet;
- get a gas mask;
- put it on by taking a breath;
- open your eyes, breathing again.
To put a gas mask on a wounded person, it should be planted or laid. When the headset is on, you can translate it into a combat position by the methods described above. Only some additions apply: before putting on, unfasten the laryngophones and headset. Putting on a comforter will be required, and a tank helmet on top of the gas mask, after which the laryngophons are fastened.
Water protection
To protect gas masks from water from the front parts, boxes are disconnected. They are equipped with rubber caps and plugs. Need to check if rubber pads. After eliminating the water, all parts of the gas mask must be wiped, dried, replaced with films and put into a bag.
PMK and PMK-2 devices have a system for receiving liquids even in an infected place. To use this system, you will need to equip the flask with a cap with a valve. A rubber stopper is placed in it. Pour the liquid in an uninfected place.
Terms of use
For the device to work for a long period, the correct use of a gas mask is necessary. For a long stay in the device you need to breathe evenly and deeply. It turns out after constant training. Thanks to this, the combat effectiveness of a person who can correctly act on the territory of the defeat remains.
If there are difficulties in breathing, then you need to knock a little on the box, which will eliminate dust or snow. When the situation continues, you need to remove the cover, and after removing everything unnecessary, put it on the box again. If you do not need to use a gas mask, you must remove dust before putting it in your bag. It is necessary to regularly check the condition of the device so that there are no foreign particles on it.
Features of storage and use
To save the device, you must follow the rules for its use. This will extend the period of use. And the gas mask instruction manual will help in this:
- avoid mechanical damage;
- handle valves carefully;
- the negotiation membrane must be holistic;
- do not touch the external parts of the device if you have recently been in an infected area;
- the device must be protected from moisture;
- The gas mask must be stored assembled at a distance of at least 3 meters from the heating equipment.
In order to maintain a protective agent for a long period, checks are periodically performed. First, this is done 6 months before the end of the shelf life, and then - 5 years after the warranty. Further checks are carried out every 2 years. Rules for testing protective equipment approved by the Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Russian Federation. Every week it is necessary to check the stacks, quality, integrity of the packaging, stacking. If defects were found, then the necessary elements must be replaced.
The manufacturer guarantees the safety of the device for about 12 years from the time of manufacture. Maximum device stored 25 years. After that, the gas mask must be replaced. If any parts were damaged, it is necessary to change them in a timely manner. This will prevent infection of the person. Many devices are now being sold that protect people from the infected environment.