Any, even the most harmless at first glance, profession can adversely affect health. There will be no problems if you follow safety precautions. Each employer is obliged to draw up instructions, adhering to which, it will be possible to ensure safety at the workplace of the worker. Any specialist who comes to this or that position should familiarize himself with this document. If health problems arise due to non-observance of safety measures at the workplace, the employer will not be liable.
Initial briefing and workplace safety assessment
Safety at the workplace of a worker depends entirely on the skills of a specialist in a particular profession, as well as the ability to use basic equipment. Before a person begins to carry out his duties, he must be instructed. An employee who has been working for an enterprise or company for a long time introduces the newcomer to the characteristics of the profession. Be sure to describe the most dangerous areas, as well as the rules for working with complex mechanisms. A new employee should be assessed for workplace safety. It is very important. This is the only way to get information about the most dangerous factors in the performance of their duties.
A safe working environment directly affects the efficiency and quality of work done by employees. Therefore, the initial briefing should not be carried out for show, but really high quality. Most often, this task is entrusted to an individual employee with extensive experience in the enterprise. Proper reporting helps to avoid accidents at work, as well as the deterioration of the health of staff.
Fire safety at the workplace deserves special attention. Instruction in this area is most often carried out by a person who has the appropriate education. The new employee must understand how to behave when a fire occurs. The briefing includes a description of the basic precautions as well as the locations of the fire shields. How to call the emergency service, each employee is required to know by heart. Each employee confirms the passage of instruction with his signature in the corresponding document.
When is the additional briefing held?
A briefing on the topic: “Safety at work” should be carried out not only with newly hired employees, but also with those who have been working at the enterprise for a long time. This is necessary in order to avoid accidents and to remind employees of basic precautions when working with complex mechanisms.
Additional coaching may also be needed when introducing new legislation that describes workplace safety. If the current requirements have been changed, all employees of the enterprise must be informed of this. Workers cannot begin to carry out their duties until they sign a document confirming completion of the briefing.
When changing or reorganizing labor technologies, existing employees should be informed about this before the start of the work shift. This is especially important if you have to work on complex electrical equipment.
Additional briefing is mandatory if the employee violates safety precautions at the workplace. Such behavior can lead to an accident or a deterioration in the health status of other employees of the enterprise. The first violation is accompanied by a fine and additional information on the rules of conduct at the workplace. In the future, the person who does not comply with safety precautions, the boss can dismiss without warning.
Medical Safety
In medical institutions, employees who come to work are treated with special attention. A person cannot work in a hospital or private clinic without special education. Junior medical personnel may have a secondary education. Only a specialist with higher education can be hired as a doctor.
Before a doctor or nurse begins to perform their direct duties, they are required to undergo an examination with key specialists. Employees should not suffer from sexually transmitted diseases, as well as ailments transmitted by airborne droplets. Specialists who have mental disabilities are not allowed to perform duties. The safety of a nurse in the workplace largely depends on her own health.
Medical personnel must perform their duties in accordance with the schedule of the medical institution. This is especially important for manipulation sisters. All injections and droppers should be set strictly according to schedule. Failure to comply with this rule threatens to worsen the patient's condition. Medical personnel must perform all manipulations with sterile rubber gloves. Do not contact the patient without a special coat and cap. A patient whose illness is transmitted by airborne droplets should be treated only in a special mask. The safety of a nurse in the workplace is directly dependent on compliance with these rules.
A specialist who goes to work in a medical institution is required to comply with internal regulations. Be sure to observe discipline, as well as fire safety at the workplace. Nurses and doctors cannot drink alcohol during the day. And you can smoke only in specially designated places.
Construction site safety
Any construction site, regardless of the type of work performed, is a huge danger not only for employees, but also for passers-by. It is here that you can observe many complex mechanisms, the management of which require special skills. A simple construction crane can cause an accident. Therefore, the assessment of the safety of the workplace is of great importance. Each potential employee must be briefed. Particularly careful consideration should be given to safety measures for employees who plan to operate complex equipment. The life and health of the whole brigade depends on this.
Before starting the construction of any facility, the engineer must plan in stages the entire work process. Complex equipment must not be allowed to constitute a danger to workers during operation. Proper storage of building materials is also of great importance. During the operation of the crane on the construction site should not be outsiders. Cases when the crane does not hold the load are frequent. Even the smallest brick in the fall can cause serious injury to an unprotected person, let alone slabs.
At the construction site, particular attention is paid to uniforms. Safety at the workplace is ensured by using a special helmet, as well as overalls. The headpiece is made of high strength plastic. Such material can protect against metal and brick fragments. Overalls should be selected in size so as not to hamper the movements of the worker. Clothing is made from special materials that are easily cleaned from construction waste and dust.
Sewing Safety
Any sewing enterprise is a territory of high risk for workers. Dangers to health are represented by presses, cutting objects, as well as sewing equipment. Safety at the workplace of a worker depends primarily on his observance of the basic rules. Before starting his duties, each employee must check the serviceability of the equipment with which it is necessary to work. If the equipment does not function correctly, it is imperative to inform the mechanical engineer about this.
All work items on the table should be in place. In special covers needles, scissors and other sharp and cutting objects should be hidden. Sewing accessories must not be left unattended. If you need to go away, the needles and scissors are folded into a special box in the table. Safety at the workplace of the worker directly affects the life and health of other employees of the sewing enterprise.
Particular attention is paid to the clothes of people who work on sewing equipment. Special uniforms are not always provided. Despite this, every employee must have a hat, apron and arm ruffles. Such clothes minimize the possibility of an accident. Employees who have long hair should hide them under a hat. Scythe falling under the needle of a sewing machine can cause serious injury.
While working on sewing equipment, it is forbidden to be distracted by extraneous conversations with colleagues, to communicate on topics not related to the production process. Loss of attention at best threatens poor-quality performance of the task. At worst, health will be harmed. Safety at the workplace will help ensure proper instruction. Each employee must pass it before starting to perform their duties.
Safety rules at the joiner's workplace
The carpenter has to work with flammable material and use sharp devices. Therefore, the safety requirements are quite high. Only adults who have received appropriate training may be allowed to perform duties. The specialist is obliged to confirm his skills with a document - a diploma of education.
Joiners can only do the work that is prescribed by the job description. At the same time, specialists cannot deviate from the internal work schedule. Only in this case will safety measures be observed at the workplace, and obligations will be performed correctly and in a timely manner. Compliance with the internal routine also contributes to the normal execution of tasks by colleagues.
The work of a carpenter is to process wood on special equipment. The base material is flammable. Therefore, the rules of fire safety, every carpenter must know by heart. An employee must know where the fire shield is and how to call the emergency service. If you have to work indoors, each employee must know where the fire exit is.
Welding Safety
Gas-flame metal processing involves the use of explosive materials. Ensuring safety at the welder’s workplace falls entirely on the shoulders of the worker himself. Before starting to perform duties, each employee of the enterprise is obliged to undergo appropriate instruction. You need to know that it is impossible to carry out welding work near flammable materials. These include gasoline, kerosene, wood shavings, etc. Welding in rooms with poor ventilation requires a special approach. It is necessary to interrupt every hour to ventilate the room. The gas used during operation can cause serious harm to health.
When performing welding work, safety precautions must be strictly observed. Organization of the workplace is carried out in accordance with the duties of the welder. In the immediate vicinity of the worker should be a tool with various nozzles. Thick metal is best cut with a long tube machine. Thus, the negative impact of high temperature on the employee during the performance of labor duties is reduced.
Welding can only be done in special clothing. This is a jumpsuit that has a refractory coating. The face is protected from sparks using a special darkened mask. Do not perform welding work if the uniform has at least the slightest damage. Before proceeding with the duties, the welder must review his suit for integrity.
Safety at work at height
Many types of work are performed at height. And this is not only about the construction industry. For example, washing windows in skyscrapers is a very dangerous job. But someone must fulfill it. Only employees who have completed training and passed exams are allowed to engage in such activities. And at the beginning of the working day, each specialist undergoes a short briefing.
Work at height is carried out on special platforms that are attached to the roof of the building. Sometimes a person hangs only on the mounts. In any case, before starting to perform duties, the specialist must check the quality of all fasteners. Safety requirements for the workplace at altitude are quite strict. If at least one part is missing from the mount, you cannot start work.
Natural factors can also influence the course of a task. Employees are not allowed to climb to the height if a gusty wind is observed, the speed of which exceeds 9 m / s. Natural elements can greatly undermine the working platform. As a result, not only people working at heights, but ordinary passers-by will suffer.
Before entering work, each employee must undergo a medical examination. People with diseases of the cardiovascular system are not allowed to such activities. There are also age restrictions. Only adult citizens under the age of 50 may perform work duties at heights exceeding 10 meters from the ground level.
Computer Safety
Many of us work in the office or even at home at the computer. At first glance, this place may seem completely safe. But do not forget that any household appliances operates using electrical wiring. Therefore, even the most ordinary computer can cause electric shock. Each employee must observe the safety of the organization of the workplace.
Before turning on the machine, it is necessary to check the wires and cables for damage. Bare cords are in great danger. If the employee noticed the slightest malfunction, he should contact the mechanic. Turn on the computer or other office equipment through a special carrying with an emergency switch. In the event of a short circuit, the equipment will be turned off automatically. This ensures fire safety at the workplace.
Computer radiation also has a negative effect on the body. It is not recommended to be in front of the monitor screen throughout the working day. Five minute breaks are required every hour. Pregnant women, as well as underage employees, may be suspended from working at a computer.
Safety Liability
Violation of safety regulations applies to crimes in the field of labor code. The punishment depends on what consequences the failure to fulfill the basic rules by the employee of the enterprise. If neglect of safety has contributed to injury or death to unauthorized persons, the employee faces criminal liability.
In the event that a safety violation did not harm the enterprise and employees, the employee can get off with a reprimand or just a warning. In addition, the boss has the right to punish a company employee with a fine. The amount of compensation may depend on the rules established within a particular enterprise. The delinquent employee will have to listen again to the safety instructions.
If an employee violates safety procedures intentionally, the boss has the right to dismiss him without the possibility of recovery. A corresponding entry will appear in the workbook. Get a job in the same position, but in another company, most likely, will not succeed. Therefore, everyone should approach the performance of their duties with all seriousness and responsibility.