Sambo is one of our sports wrestling. This combat is divided into two types: combat and sports sambo. There is this type of struggle since 1938. Since then, sambo gained considerable popularity. Many citizens have an interest in this type of martial arts. You ask why? The answer to this question is quite simple. Indeed, sambo is a domestic type of struggle that attracts men and women, youths and adolescents to the study of the art of unarmed self-defense in various life situations. This is an important fact. Sambo, combining elements of several national types of martial arts, is close in spirit, ideology and philosophy to many Russians. More on this in more detail.
Types of this struggle
Sambo stands for self-defense without weapons. As already mentioned, this fight is divided into two types: sports and combat sambo. Let us consider in more detail each of them.
Type of sport (main)
This type helps to acquire the skills necessary for self-defense. In this regard, there are certain criteria. In this case, you will need special fabric jackets with a belt. This is an important condition.
Wrestlers apply grips to the belt and other parts of the jacket located above it. However, there are other sambo techniques. They allow even capture of the legs and arms of the enemy. The goal of the sambo duel is an absolute victory.
In this case, the following actions are not allowed during a fight:
- Throwing an opponent on the head.
- Choking techniques in sambo.
- Throws in which the athlete falls on his opponent with his whole body.
- Carrying blows to the neck and twisting it.
- Squeezing the head and pressing it to the carpet.
- Pressure on the body with a knee or elbow.
- Touching the face of the enemy.
- Conducting painful techniques while standing up.
- Finger grabbing.
- Carrying out painful receptions in jerks.
Combat Sambo
It consists of self-defense and a special part. In the first case, they use the basic techniques of sambo, which are reinforced by some individual actions that are not allowed in a sports fight. Namely, we will hold the hands, pain during standing fighting, and so on. Self-defense is used against any unexpected attacks of the enemy, which can be with or without weapons. This is combat sambo. Techniques of this type can be fully mastered by those who are cold-blooded, brave, have the will to win, and have good physical preparation. These qualities are brought up and developed in the classroom.
A special part of this type consists of methods of asphyxiation, close combat, detention, disarmament, escort, binding and other things. Their application is carried out by military personnel and operational workers. Successful use of the techniques of the special part is permissible only with excellent knowledge of self-defense and constant hard training.
Tactics
Compared to other martial arts, sambo is as close as possible to the conditions of a genuine fight. This was achieved by removing those not always justified conventions that are characteristic of other sports types of wrestling. In this case, sparring is performed both standing and lying on the carpet.
This fight on tactics is an attacker and defensive. Each direction has peculiar features. The goal of the attack is to achieve victory. This also includes pursuit and attack. Active defense focuses on preventing the enemy from attacking and moving on to attack. It consists of a counter fight and timely preparation of response actions. This is important to know. In addition to the main forms of action, there are also auxiliary ones. They include reconnaissance, maneuvering and camouflage.
In sambo, certain methods of wrestling are used: suppression of initiative, surprise, distraction, entrapment, and so on. When choosing methods and forms of sparring, a sambo wrestler must take into account the opponent’s capabilities and his data. In the tactics of martial arts, it is important to plan the fight and the tournament as a whole. This is an essential fact. Sambo wrestlers pre-plan tactics that match their ideas and capabilities. They also choose the rhythm and pace of the fight, which will correspond to their fitness and temperament, determine the types of reconnaissance, maneuvering and disguise. The preparation of the competition plan provides the sambo athlete with the opportunity to rationally spend his techniques and strength throughout the tournament.
Standing fighting technique
This includes a certain set of actions. Sambo standing technique includes:
- Distances, racks, preparations for captures, captures, deceptive movements and movements.
- Methods of preparing for the shots, the starting points for their implementation and approaches to them.
- Breakthroughs of defensive captures.
- Sambo throws, combinations of them, as well as protection against them.
- Insurance.
- Return throws.
Lying technique
These include:
- Initial provisions and auxiliary actions.
- Breakthroughs of defensive captures.
- Flipping.
- Pain techniques.
- Fillings.
- Combinations of wrestling techniques lying down and protection against them.
- Deductions.
- Response techniques when lying down.
Sambo Distances
In this case, there are five types:
- The distance is beyond capture. This implies a situation in which the wrestlers do not touch each other and look for a convenient moment to attack. At the same time, they move along the carpet and carry out various deceptive movements.
- The distance is distant. In this case, sambo fighters grab each other by the sleeves. This is done using one or both hands.
- The distance is average. A situation in which wrestlers grab each other by clothes in front of the torso. Here it is also allowed to take an opponent by the sleeve with one hand.
- The distance is near. Sambo wrestlers make a grip with one hand on the jacket on the chest or on the sleeve, and the other on the clothes on the back, leg or collar.
- The distance is close. Wrestlers make each other's girth. At the same time, they are pressed against each other with torso or entwined with the lower limb of the opponent’s leg.
Types of sambo captures
Knowledge of these actions and their correct application is an important criterion in this type of martial arts. Captures are basic, reciprocal, preliminary and defensive. Next, we consider the definition of each of them.
Main grabs
These actions during a standing fight are carried out to complete the throw. The wrestler implements them in advance before the enemy tries to impose his capture. The main thing here is not to miss the right moment.
Counter captures (counter)
The implementation of these actions is also of a certain nature. When standing, they are carried out by a fighter in response to attempts to capture the enemy. In this case, the conditions created by him should be taken into account. Counter throws can also be shot. This is a significant factor in sparring.
Defensive Captures
They are carried out to impede the actions of the enemy, so as not to give him the opportunity to make some kind of throw. However, in this case there is also a certain fact. It consists in the fact that at a particular moment a defensive capture can be used by a wrestler for throwing. The main thing should be careful in this regard. That is, you must not miss this moment.
Preliminary captures
These actions provide convenient starting points. They provide the holding of subsequent main captures and the implementation of throws with them. The main thing is to concentrate on the correct implementation of these actions.
Sambo Throws
By these actions are meant the tricks by which the opponent is moved from the counter to the standing position. That is, the enemy rolls. There are several types of these techniques. Let us consider in more detail each of them.
Kicks
In this case, the name speaks for itself. In such throws, the wrestler's legs act against the body or lower limbs of the opponent. These sambo techniques play a major role in sparring. Throws with legs are divided into several: hooks, steps, steps, hooks, and knocks.
- Running boards. These actions mean throws when a sambo wrestler substitutes a leg from behind, from the outside (side), or from the front of one or two lower limbs of an opponent. After that, the enemy, using a jerk with his hands, gets hooked through it. At the time when these sambo techniques are held, both legs of the wrestler should touch the carpet. There are rear, front and side steps.
- Hooks. By these techniques it is customary to understand such throws during which a sambo foot makes a capture of one of the lower extremities of the enemy. Then he throws it. At the same time, the sambo wrestler takes the leg that he hooked out from under the center of gravity of the opponent, taking the latter off balance with his hands. Hooks can be performed using the lower leg, heel (Achilles tendon) and the back of the foot. It all depends on the prevailing conditions in the struggle. A simultaneously held hook with the lower leg and foot of the same leg for one lower limb of the opponent is called a loop. There is still a complex of actions of this type. It is called a double hook. This is a pretty substantial trick. By it is meant the simultaneous holding of a hook using the foot of one leg for the popliteal fold, and with the help of the second for the Achilles tendon of the other lower limb of the enemy. The indicated receptions are carried out both with falling, and in a rack.
- Padding. This is also a kind of sambo techniques. They mean throws, during which the opponent’s legs are knocked out with the shin or thigh of a wrestler at the same time with a jerk with his hands in the opposite direction to this action. In this case, there is such a technique as pickup. It means a throw, during which the opponent’s legs must be knocked out with a shin or thigh in front, inside or side. There is another important trick in this regard. It is called grab. This is when the hamstring of the opponent is knocked out by the back of the lower leg. No less important is a double knockout. It is carried out simultaneously with the help of two legs in opposite directions. Traditionally, this throw is called "scissors".
- Hooking. This is a throw during which the main action that causes the opponent to fall is to knock the opponent’s lower leg, knee or foot with the toe of the sole. Divide the hooks into the rear, front, side, as well as on the inside.
- Replanting. By these techniques are meant throws in which the wrestler raises the body or lower limbs of the opponent with his foot. At the same time, a sambo wrestler flips an opponent in the required direction with his hands. These receptions are subdivided into transplantations by shin, thigh, sole and rise. Their use depends on the situation that arose during the sparring process. When carrying out replanting in the body with a shin or sole, an opponent roll is carried out. This is done forward through the thrower's head. This is a pretty effective technique. They call him a throw over his head. Hip or lower leg infiltrations are performed both with the fall and in the stance. Over the head throws, as well as body torso with the implementation of the capture of two heels or from the inside by an ascent, are made only with a fall. This is important to know.
Throws mostly torso
In the implementation of this technique, certain actions are carried out: a wrestler throws a body or legs of an opponent with part of his own body. After that, the opponent’s throw through himself. Basically, these techniques are divided into throws through the pelvic (hip) and shoulder ("Mill") belts, as well as through the back or chest. In each case, there is a certain sequence of actions.
- Throws over the thigh are techniques in which the wrestler knocks the upper part of the legs with his pelvic girdle. Moreover, in the opposite direction, the hands make a jerk. Throws over the thigh are permissible to do both with the fall and in the stance.
- "Mills" are called such techniques in the implementation of which the fighter rolls the body of the enemy over his own shoulders. For this, various captures are made. "Mill" can be carried out both with a fall, and in a rack.
- Throws through the back are actions in which the wrestler rolls the body of an opponent through his own back. These techniques with a grip under the shoulder and a roll are carried out exclusively with a fall. One more fact should be taken into account. It consists in the fact that these throws by grabbing a hand on the shoulder, through the back (back) and pulling are carried out both with the fall and in the stance. It all depends on the situation that developed during the struggle.
- Throws through the chest are actions in which the wrestler knocks the opponent's stomach with the lower part of his own body. After that, the sambo wrestler throws the opponent left or right through his chest. There is another combination in this regard. It consists in the fact that with the help of two hands the wrestler sits up the opponent’s belly and chest. After that, the aforementioned roll is also carried out. These actions are carried out exclusively with the fall.
Mostly throws
When performing these techniques, the wrestler’s legs do not touch the lower limbs or the body of the opponent. Also, his body does not cross over a similar part of the enemy’s body. Nevertheless, in some cases, it can be used as an additional reference point for turning the opponent back to the carpet. Mostly these techniques are carried out using the strength of the hands of a fighter.
Jerk throws over sleeves
Here, the name speaks for itself. In carrying out this technique, a wrestler who is at a long distance from the opponent deprives the last of his balance and throws him onto the carpet with the help of a strong jerk on his sleeves. This action has a traditional name - the method of unbalance.
Jerk throws
When implementing this technique, a certain combination of actions is carried out. The wrestler with one hand grabs the opponent’s leg, and with the second - his sleeve, belt, under the shoulder, forearm or presses on the captured lower limb. At the same time, a jerk is made, which ensures the opponent's rollover. In this case, neither the body nor the legs of the wrestler directly affect the body and lower limbs of the enemy. These techniques consist of jerking throws for the heel, for the shin and for the thigh. It also depends on the situation.
Jerk throws for both legs
These actions mean techniques in which the wrestler grasps the two lower limbs of the opponent with his hands simultaneously or alternately. After that, the opponent rolls.
Somersaults
These sambo wrestling techniques are carried out with the help of a jerk of both hands with pressing the shoulder blades or the head of the opponent. At the same time, the athlete's legs should not touch the body or lower limbs of the opponent.
Coups
By these techniques are meant certain sambo throws. For their implementation, the wrestler carries out the raising and turning of the enemy with his hands in the air. This is to throw him on his back. During coups, the fighter’s legs should not touch the body or the lower extremities of the enemy. In special cases, the sambo wrestler uses the torso as an additional reference point to facilitate the turning of the opponent. These techniques are divided into front, rear and side.
Sambo Pain Techniques
These are important actions in this fight. Painful techniques are called captures, with the help of which a sambo wrestler affects the joints of the legs or arms of an opponent. As a result of this, he puts him in a hopeless situation. The following sambo pain techniques are:
- On the joints of the hands. It is carried out with bending of the elbow joint. Called the "elbow lever."
- Carrying out the twisting of the arm out. This is done through the implementation of the characteristic interweaving of limbs. These techniques are called "nodes".
- Carrying out the twisting of the arms inward. Such techniques are called “reverse nodes”.
- Exercise infringement of the biceps.
- Shoulder arm.
- Painful techniques on the hand. They are used exclusively in the form of combat sambo.
- Receptions for the foot joints: infringement of the Achilles tendon and gastrocnemius (soleus) muscle; techniques for pain on the joints of the hip; bending the knee joint - called the "knee lever".
Sambo for children
This type of martial arts, like many others, is pretty good for the development of the child. . . , . , , " " , . . . . . . . . .
Conclusion
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