This type of work, such as sheet metal, is one of the types of metal products manufactured at factories. Products obtained in the process of such processing are widely used in industry, as well as to create a wide variety of metal structures. It is also possible to produce a wide variety of profiles. The types of steel rolled in this way can be hot rolled or cold rolled.
Description of the first type of hot rolled sheets
Hot rolled sheet is a metal product that is obtained in the process of hot rolling of steel at a rolling mill. Subsequent heat treatment is also necessary. It is important to note here that the resulting products are divided into several types:
- The first type is hot-rolled sheet steel GOST 16523-89 sheet steel. The thickness of the obtained blanks does not exceed 3.9 mm. If the thickness does not exceed 1.2 mm, then the release is made not by sheets, but by rolls. A cut edge is also necessary, the thickness of which should not exceed 0.4 mm. In addition, structural sheet metal having an etched or non-etched surface coating can be manufactured.
Second type of product
If we talk about the second type of product, then this is hot rolled sheet steel GOST 19903-74 plate. These products include sheets whose thickness starts from 4 mm and ends with 160 mm. Release by sheets is carried out if the thickness is from 0.4 mm to 160 mm. Release by rolls occurs if the thickness is from 1.2 mm to 12 mm. It is also worth noting here that there are two conditions - hot rolled and hardened.
Types of steel in composition
Another division into the types of rolled steel is its purpose and composition. The first category is low-alloy hot-rolled sheets. The second category is structural hot-rolled sheets.
If we talk about the first type, it is natural that low-alloyed raw materials are used for production and rental. Products obtained in this way are most often used in areas such as industry, construction, and the production of welded metal structures for various purposes. Due to the fact that the cost of such a rolled steel product is quite low, as well as its quality, low-alloy sheets are used as raw materials for the production of a variety of non-essential parts in light and heavy industries.
If we talk about structural raw materials, then it is the opposite of the first category. The high carbon content and high alloying rate of the material have led to its relatively high cost, and it is mainly used for the manufacture of critical metal parts. If we consider the positive qualities of these grades of steel sheet metal, we can distinguish the following points:
- the range of products is quite diverse;
- metal weldability is quite high;
- high resistance to corrosion and thermal effects;
- performance is also high;
- the coating quality of the metal is quite high, and most importantly the price-quality ratio is one of the most acceptable;
- material processing is quite simple, but at the same time there is a high resistance to mechanical stress.
General description of cold rolled sheets
This raw material is also obtained by rolling plastic steel at a rolling mill, but it is already of a cold type. The result of rolling steel thus became high-quality products with the highest quality coatings. The thickness of the raw material can vary from 3.35 mm to 5 mm. What is important, the hardness of the material can also be different. Due to the fact that the rental belongs to the cold type, we can distinguish such advantages of the final material as:
- high quality of the top layer of metal;
- high resistance to deformation under the influence of welding, as well as general performance indicators;
- In order to apply paints and varnishes to the surface of the sheet, there is no need for additional processing.
The most widespread raw materials received in industry. They are produced by such things as: perforated and roofing galvanized sheets, as well as corrugated board. Cold rolling is best suited for the production of structural materials that in the future should have high accuracy, due to the fact that there is high resistance to deformation under the influence of the welding machine.
Sheet products
As mentioned earlier, sheet steel is obtained by hot or cold rolling. All technical requirements that these materials must comply with are prescribed in state document No. 16523-97. If the raw material is produced by the cold method, then its thickness should be in the range from 0.4 mm to 4 mm. The length of the finished product is up to 3.5 m or more. If hot rolling is used, then the thickness of the finished product should be from 0.4 to 5 mm, and the maximum length - up to 4 m. The width of the finished sheet steel should be in the range from 600 to 1400 mm.
How are billets rented?
Currently, the process of rolling stainless steel is carried out by rolling slabs. A slab is a steel billet, which has the appearance of a parallelepiped, and the length of its ribs is in the range from 5 to 12 m. This raw material from stainless material must be passed through the rolls several times to give it the desired size and shape. The next step is to edit an already rolled sheet. There is a roller unit for this. The last stage in the production of such material is the processing of the edges, as well as cutting into blanks of the desired size. It is worth adding that if hot rolled steel was used, that is, before processing the raw materials, it was heated in the furnace, then after the process of edge processing and cutting, it was necessary to subject the sheets to cooling.
Material Composition
Another important property is the various compounds that are used to produce alloyed stainless steel. A vast amount of feedstock can significantly increase the choice of the final product, the main difference of which is the physical and chemical properties of steel. For example, martensitic and martensitic-ferritic alloys gained the greatest popularity in the food industry. This is due to the fact that their corrosion resistance is one of the highest. Another example is the use of austenitic alloys to produce ductile and wear-resistant parts. Such elements are most widely used in mechanical engineering or machine tool industry.
If we talk about product prices, then, of course, it all depends on the thickness and method of production. For example, the cost of cold-rolled steel grade 65G with a thickness of 1.2 mm will be equal to 94,000 rubles per ton.