Lathe 1M61: features, specifications and reviews

The domestic 1M61 lathe was developed in the seventies of the last century by the designers of the Yerevan Machine Tool Plant. The main purpose is to equip small enterprises that manufacture products in small batches or single copies of products.

Device

The lathe 1M61 includes several basic elements in its design:

• bearing frame;
• gear shift unit;
• speed control unit;
• feed box;
• special apron;
• support;
• grandmother back;
• electrical equipment;
• safety screen;
• cooling system for the working and processing zones.

Characteristics of the lathe 1M61

Below are a few tables with the parameters of the unit under consideration.

Sizes of the processed preparations:

Thread threads:

Spindle and additional elements of the lathe 1M61:

Overall dimensions: length / width / height - 2.055 / 1.095 / 1.45 m. Weight - 1.26 tons.

Design Features

According to its technical characteristics, the 1M61 lathe is assigned to the accuracy class “N”. The electric motor of the unit is able to function in the reverse range. The spindle speed is comparable to the possibility of changing the operation of the gearbox and the aggregation of versatile gears between themselves.

At the considered unit, cutters, drills and taps of various configurations can be used. Such universalization allows you to perform a number of technological manipulations, including external turning, reaming, drilling, cutting and similar operations.

Transverse and longitudinal movements are carried out with the help of a roller and a screw; a flywheel is located on its front part. The lead screw is used when threading, the parameters of the apron make it possible to block the aggregation of caliper movements. This nullifies the risk of moving the caliper with the roller and screw.

Control

It is possible for the operator to control the operation of a lathe for metal 1M61 with the help of several working bodies. The tailstock is equipped with a special emphasis, which aggregates with a quill, a flywheel and accompanying elements. For the reliability and accuracy of the mechanical processing meets the carriage of the device and a separate screw.

Handles on the front of the bed are provided for a number of processes:

• Definition of frequency of rotation of the spindle mechanism.
• Starting revolutions of the lead screw or roller.
• Moving the upper caliper.
• Feed Characteristics.
• Setting the parameters of the cut thread and activation of the reverse feed.
• Disconnecting and engaging the master nut of the spindle.
• Similar manipulations with the safety clutch.
• Choice of threaded thread.
• Control reverse and direct rotation of the spindle head.

Gearbox and gearbox

In the longitudinal and transverse planes, the work of the machine is ensured by the feed box. It is also used to indicate the parameters of the thread being cut. The instruction manual is accompanied by a document with a table that allows you to decide on the selection of settings for a specific operation.

The main information indicated in the profile tables:

• Tips for choosing interchangeable gears.
• The position of the handle according to specific feed rates.
• Recommendations in terms of setting the parameters of the feed box when threading with a specific step.

Exploitation

The speed drum of a screw-cutting machine 1M61, with which a certain spindle block speed is set, includes a reversible electric motor, a V-belt transmission, a set of gear wheels with different dimensions. Under existing conditions, the spindle is able to operate at 24 speeds. Half of them are activated using collapsible gears, the rest of the positions are activated by directly connecting the spindle to the gear clutch.

Technical capabilities

The spindle of the 1M61 lathe rotates in the forward and reverse direction with the inclusion of one of 24 speeds. The technical parameters of the unit provide this process in high-speed mode from 12.5 to 1600 rpm. It is allowed to install a bar with a diameter of 32 mm into the through slot of the spindle mechanism. All sizes and manipulations comply with GOST 12593 and 13214 (category M5).

The design features of the tailstock allow the element to move a distance of up to 100 mm. The tool holder of the machine is operated with a tool whose holder height does not exceed 25 millimeters. Among other features:

• Center height - 170 mm.
• The maximum surface length with the possibility of turning the blanks is up to 640 mm.
• The maximum length of the part is 1000 mm.
• Feed in the longitudinal / transverse direction - 1.2 / 0.6 rpm.
• Caliper movement - 200/600 mm.

The upper slide moves in the range up to 120 mm, and the carriage - up to 600 mm. The front part of the speed box is equipped with three handles, one of which serves to switch the gear unit. The remaining levers are responsible for the operation of the gear clutch with enumeration and change of the vector of revolutions of the lead screw (for threading). An electromagnetic multi-plate clutch is provided in the gearbox for spindle braking.

Reviews on the lathe 1M61

Despite the fact that the design of the unit under consideration was developed more than 50 years ago, consumer feedback about it is mostly positive. Among the advantages, the owners highlight the following points:

• The accuracy of the operations performed.
• Efficiency optimally designed for small batch or piece production of certain parts.
• Easy to maintain and operate.
• Affordable price.
• High rate of maintainability.

Owners recommend paying attention when working with the specified equipment for a few points. Firstly, the inclusion of reverse movement when threading is carried out by means of a special handle. To do this, the operator needs to move the handle to the lowest possible position. Secondly, before using the cooling pump, it is necessary to calculate the total load taking into account information about the dimensions and composition of the workpiece. In this line there is an improved model of the machine under the index 1M61P. It processes the part more accurately and faster, focuses on small batch production.