The novice leader is constantly faced with personnel problems. Professionals who grew up to the head of the enterprise are mainly people aged 35-50 who are not familiar with the modern requirements for personnel management. Therefore, they have to master the science of management anew. The system of management methods is a large layer of managerial knowledge, which makes it possible to build the effective work of an enterprise or organization.
The system of personnel management methods includes methods, techniques that are used by senior employees (managerial staff) in order to activate personnel in the production process, as well as to satisfy the needs of employees.
Researchers determine that the system of management methods consists of several groups:
- economic methods
- organizational and administrative methods
- methods of socio-psychological
Considering economic methods, management researchers identify methods of motivation based on: material motivation (wages, bonuses), social motivation (focus on socially significant interests) and power motivation (disciplinary actions, administrative documents, etc.).
The system of management methods includes a large group of organizational and managerial management methods , the purpose of which is to regulate the activities of personnel, determine their rights and obligations of employees. From this category stand out:
a) organizational and stabilizing contribute to the establishment of interpersonal and group relationships (staff, structure of the enterprise, regulation of activities and more). The methods include regulation, regulation, instruction.
b) administrative are intended for operational management of personnel (orders, orders, contracts, instructions), which express a measure of administrative influence.
c) disciplinary methods ensure the stability of the enterprise and personnel responsibility.
Executive discipline is required of employees , that is, the mandatory and high-quality implementation of orders and orders of managers. In order for the staff to have a high executive discipline, employees must have high qualifications, experience, initiative. In turn, effective personnel management implies raising the level of discipline of employees by setting specific deadlines for fulfilling tasks, checking the activities of employees, determining the specialist’s personal responsibility for the result, and establishing incentives for high-quality and timely (early) completion of tasks.
An interesting group of socio-psychological management methods. The goal of the leader and his staff is to change personal and collective attitudes and values in relation to work, increase the creative activity of staff, harmonize relationships in the team or in the group of employees.
Social management includes social forecasting (the goal is to determine the conditions for planning the social development of the enterprise), social planning (drawing up a social development plan), social rationing (establishing certain standards of personnel behavior), social regulation (maintaining social justice and the relationship between employees).
The psychological methods include: the acquisition of small groups, the humanization of labor, the consideration of personal psychological characteristics, professional selection, the establishment of psychologically adequate relationships with subordinates.
The novice leader should understand how the system of management methods is formed. There is a certain sequence. Firstly, it is necessary to assess the situation in relation to the staff, analyze the tasks in order to determine the main areas of impact on the team. The second stage is the selection and justification of specific management methods. Thirdly, it is necessary to create appropriate conditions for the application of management methods.
So, we come to the conclusion that the essence and system of management methods is a mandatory object of study for newly appointed leaders, as well as those who decided to start an independent career as a businessman.