The chemical industry of Russia is a truly unique industry in which they have learned to create real miracles. The numerous factories of the chemical industry are not only engaged in the processing of natural raw materials. In laboratories and spacious workshops receive unique types of raw materials that do not exist in nature.
The store shelves are filled with plastic products and detergents, plastic bags and garden tools, building materials and other chemical products, without which it is difficult to imagine a modern existence.
The chemical industry of Russia is a lot of factories for the production of certain products. Chemical industry enterprises are usually divided into two large groups:
1. Enterprises of basic chemistry, which are the production of minerals (acid and soda, fertilizers and dyes, explosives and much more).
2. Organic synthesis enterprises, from the conveyors of which synthetic fiber and resin, rubber, plastic and rubber, etc.
Chemical Industries
In order to understand the volume and importance of chemical production in our country, one should look at certain indicators, namely, the share of Khimprom in the total Russian export accounts for up to 10% of the volume (meaning the cost expression). Import of chemical products is up to 18% of the volume.
Today, the chemical industry in Russia is represented by several groups of industries:
路 Mining and chemical industry.
路 The main, or inorganic chemical industry.
路 Organic chemistry.
The structure of the latter, the organic industry, includes the chemical industry of organic synthesis, polymer chemistry, the processing chemical industry of polymer materials, and some other industries.
Production sectors are distributed on the territory of the state in accordance with several important factors:
路 Water.
路 Raw materials.
路 Fuel and energy.
路 Consumer.
The water factor is raw for some industries, while for others it is auxiliary.
Russian Chemical Industry: Chemical Production Centers
Basically, mining and chemical plants and petrochemical plants and factories for the production of plastics are built in places of extraction of raw materials. The best place for rubber and tire factories is densely populated areas, because production involves the employment of a large number of workers in the enterprise. For convenience and economy, some chemical plants are located directly on the territory of another industrial enterprise, for example, phosphoric fertilizer factories are included in the copper smelter, because the ore containing this non-ferrous metal contains a lot of phosphorus. Refineries often include a petrochemical plant.
Central economic region: the largest centers are Ryazan, Novomoskovsk, Yaroslavl. Main industries: processing of plastics, chemical fibers and paints, mineral fertilizers, household chemical goods.
North-West Economic Region: the largest centers are Luga, Novgorod, St. Petersburg. Main industries: the production of mineral fertilizers, dyes and household chemicals.
Volga region: the largest centers are Volzhsky, Balakovo, Novo-Kuibyshevsk, Nizhnekamsk. Main industries: rubber and tire production, chemical fiber, petrochemical enterprises.
Ural economic region: the largest centers are Salavat, Sterlitamak, Perm. Main industries: large-scale production of coal chemistry, petrochemicals, production of mineral fertilizers, plastics and soda.
Western Siberia: the largest centers are Kemerovo, Novokuznetsk, Omsk, Tobolsk, Tomsk. Main industries: coal chemistry (in the first two cities named), petrochemicals.
The crisis of the 90s also had a negative effect on the Russian Chemical Industry. So, for example, in 97th factories produced only half of the volume for which the capacities of enterprises were calculated. The chemical industry of Russia is capable of producing all the means, chemicals that the state needs.