The Shushensky Bor National Park in the Krasnoyarsk Territory is notable for its pristine beauty, as well as many historical and archeological monuments. Its location is the border of two climatic zones: taiga and forest-steppe located in the Western Sayan and Minusinsk depression.
History of creation
Shushensky Bor National Park received its status in November 1995. But his story began back in 1927, when a wildlife sanctuary was established here. It was formed in memory of the years of exile (1887 - 1890) by V.I. Lenin, who, as an avid hunter, spent a lot of time in forests and pine forests near Shushensky.
In 1956, its borders were significantly expanded, and it became a reserve named after V.I. Lenin. In 1968, he received the new name "Landscape Memorial Forest Park". Gradually, its area increased, and in 1987 it amounted to 4.4 thousand hectares. An experimental forestry enterprise “Shushensky Bor” was formed here, which lasted until 1995.
The reasons for the formation of the national park
The unique natural region of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, located in the Sayan Mountains until the 60s of the XX century, was practically inaccessible to humans. The construction of the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power station, as well as the districts of the Sayan TPK (territorial production complex), the construction of Sayanogorsk and Cheryomushki formed an unusual urban landscape for these places.
An uncontrolled recreational zone with a width of 1 to 2 kilometers was formed at the border of cities, industrial complexes and taiga. Next came the pristine taiga. But the border was expanding inexorably. In order to maintain the existing relationships between the educated zones and the unique natural landscape, the Shushensky Bor National Park was created in 1995. The total area of the park is 39.2 thousand hectares. It is divided into two forestries: Perovskoye and Gornoe, located in different climatic zones. The distance between them is 60 kilometers.
Perovsky forestry
Its location is the South Minusinsk Basin. It is a territory of intense human activity. Here is the Perovsky forestry of the national park "Shushensky Bor". In Shushensky, to which he adjoins, is his administration. To expand the village and to conduct economic activities, the pine forest was practically cut down by the end of the 19th century. But by the middle of the 20th century, it was completely restored as part of the creation of a memorial forest park, part of the Siberian Exile of Lenin Preserve Museum.
The Shushenskiy Bor National Park, completely recreated in its natural beauty, today includes the Shushenskoye Museum of History and Ethnography. It gives a complete picture of the life of Siberian peasants during the development of Siberia. In the forestry area you can admire Butakovo and Perovo lakes. They are of glacial origin, but are currently subject to rapid swamping.
Pine forests surrounding the village of Shushenskoye grow on sand dunes, which were formed over a thousand years thanks to the Yenisei. Here are the highest dunes of the forestry - Sandy and Crane Hill. The first one offers a view of the Yenisei and the Koibal steppe, from the second mountain in spring you can see the mating dances of cranes, thanks to which the dune got its name.
Mountain forestry
Its location is the northern slope of the Western Sayan Mountains, the Borus Range. Mount Poylova - the highest point of the Mountain Forestry, it has a height of 2,380 meters n. at. m. This part of the FSBI "National Park" Shushensky Bor "" is practically not affected by humans.
In these places there are seven lakes formed by a glacier. The most popular and significant are three lakes: Bolshoi, Venice and Banzai. Big Lake (more than 1,800 m above sea level) is not in vain bears such a name, since its area, 5.3 hectares, is much larger than the rest. From the peak of Korshunov (1,200 m above sea level), the Katushka Falls cascades down, which has a height of 300 meters.
Climatic conditions
The seas and oceans are located at a great distance from the location of the FSBI NP Shushensky Bor, since it is located almost in the center of the mainland. It was his position that predetermined the weather features of the park. The climate here is sharply continental with dry and very hot summers, when temperatures can reach 40 degrees. Winters lasting up to 5 months are snowy and severe. The temperature at its minimum can reach -50 degrees, and the height of the snow cover can reach 1.5 - 2 meters.
Specially Protected Area
A specially protected zone was created to restore and reproduce unique ecological systems represented by a wide variety of local representatives of flora and fauna, as well as the conservation of natural landscapes. This area is not included in the tourist routes, you can get here only accompanied by employees working in the park, and with the written permission of the administration. Its area is about 2 thousand hectares.
Free Zone
The free visit area is designed for regulated tourism. This implies the satisfaction of the cognitive goals of tourists, the provision of all necessary information, the creation of an environment for the safety of the national park, the preservation of natural landscapes.
The nature here is magnificent, but severe, this is evidenced by reviews of the Shushensky Bor National Park. In the Perovsky forest, special places for recreation are organized, where shelters with barbecue and grill are equipped, special campfires with firewood. Making other bonfires in the forest is strictly prohibited.
Organized places for recreation are located on the shore of Lake Butakovo. In the subtaiga zone, the Taiga cordon is located. Yenisei carries its waters 250 meters from it. There are wooden houses of different levels of comfort, where you can relax at any time of the year. Cordon can take up to 30 people.