Each person receives his temperament and ability to something at birth. All this is inherent in his genes and is not amenable to change. But how a person realizes his “inheritance” depends on his character. Yes, he is closely associated with temperament. But it is also formed in the process of education and under the influence of the environment. And although each person is unique, the types of characters can still be divided into certain groups.
Many psychologists have tried to make such a classification. For example, the German psychologist and psychiatrist K. Leonhard identified 12 main types of characters. And the criterion for his classification, he chose the style of human communication with others. And according to her there are such types of human character :
1. Distant view. Such people are laconic, have little contact with others and are pessimistic. They usually sit at home, and in noisy companies they feel uncomfortable. These people rarely conflict and highly value friends to whom they usually obey. These are serious, conscientious individuals with a heightened sense of justice. And the negative features of such people include individualism, slowness, slowness of thinking and passivity.
2. Hypertensive appearance. These are extremely contact and talkative people, they have pronounced facial expressions and gestures. They often change the subject. And they often have conflicts with others due to the fact that they are frivolous about their family and official duties. These people have such positive traits as optimism, a thirst for activity, initiative and energy. But, like other types of character, hyperthymic appearance has several disadvantages. This is frivolity, increased irritability.
3. The cycloid form. And in these individuals, their mood changes several times a day. And in this regard, the manner of their communication changes just as often. When such a person has a good mood, he is very sociable, and when it is bad, he closes in on himself. In this type, various types of character — as diminutive and hyperthymic — as it were, periodically “turn on”.
4. Excitable. When communicating, these people have low contact. They are gloomy, boring, prone to abuse, rudeness and conflict. In a collective, they are not caring, but in a family they are powerful. When such personalities are calm, they are neat and conscientious, they love children and animals. But in an excited state, they are very quick-tempered, irritable and poorly control themselves.
5. A stuck look. Such personalities are taciturn, boring, and prone to moralizing. They often become initiators of conflicts. And in every business they undertake, these people strive to achieve the highest levels, and they make the highest demands on themselves.
6. Pedantic look. These people are typical bureaucrats. In conflicts, they behave passively, and leadership is willingly inferior to others. Pedants are distinguished by such attractive qualities as seriousness, accuracy, integrity and reliability. And their repulsive features include tediousness, formalism and grumbling.
7. Anxious look. These are timid, insecure people with low contact. They try not to conflict with anyone, and if such a situation arises, they are looking for support and support from others. And, at the same time, these are executive, friendly and self-critical people. But other types of character are morally stronger than this. And this leads to the fact that such people are constantly bullied, made them targets for jokes.
8. Demonstrative view. These individuals easily establish contacts, strive for leadership and power. They are able to adapt to people and have a tendency to intrigue. They annoy others with their self-confidence and are themselves the culprits of the conflicts. Such people are artistic and courteous, they can think and act extraordinary. But they also have inherent weaknesses such as selfishness, boasting, hypocrisy, and losing one's job.
But this is far from all kinds of character. There are exalted and extroverted, introverted and emotive types. And each of them has its drawbacks and advantages.