Yamal is a strategic region for Gazprom and Russia as a whole, where the richest oil and gas fields are concentrated. Under the USSR, the geological exploration of the area was mainly carried out on the peninsula; active hydrocarbon production was not carried out. Everything changed in 2006, when a strategic decision was made to develop the underground wealth of Yamal.
a brief description of
26 deposits discovered by domestic geologists on the largest peninsula of Russia, conceal immeasurable reserves of valuable natural raw materials. Recoverable oil reserves are estimated at more than 291 million tons, gas - 10.4 trillion m 3 , gas condensate - over 250 million tons. The Bovanenkovskoye field (simultaneously with the Kharasaveyskoye) will be developed first. It contains half of all Yamal gas (5.8 trillion m 3 ) and 100 million tons of gas condensate.
Bovanenkovskoye oil and gas condensate field
In terms of volatile hydrocarbon reserves, the Bovanenkovskoye oil and gas condensate field is considered the third (4.9 trillion m 3 ) in importance in the Russian Federation and fifth in the world. Officially , gas production began on 10/23/2012.
In 2013, gas specialists extracted 22.8 billion m 3 of gas using 60 wells, while the erected complex preparation facility has a much greater capacity - up to 30 billion m 3 . This allows you to further increase production, to build new wells. In general, the project provides for the production level of 115 billion m 3 . Gas is transported by the Bovanenkovo - Ukhta gas trunkline system with further transportation to Torzhok.
Project Operators
The Yamal Peninsula on the map looks like a small object on the vast expanses of Russia, but the economic importance of the region is unusually important. It is not surprising that the country's largest company, Gazprom, is involved in the development of the natural resources of the peninsula.
Gazprom Dobycha Nadym (GDN) was designated as the customer for the implementation of the investment project “Development of Cenomanian-Aptian deposits of the Bovanenkovskoye oil and gas condensate field” and subsequently the operating organization of gas production facilities. The general designer - VNIPI-gas production OJSC - in December 2007 developed and submitted to the State Duma final project.
Yamal, Bovanenkovo field
In general, the process of project implementation is proceeding successfully; the plans outlined are implemented after the approval of the project by the decision of Gazprom. The project provides for the construction of three integrated gas treatment plants (GPP). The production well stock totals 775 units grouped in 56 bushes. The maximum gas production will be 115 billion m 3 per year with a period of continuous production of 10 years. Over the entire life cycle of the Bovanenkovo field, it is planned to produce 2.657 trillion cubic meters of gas.
Gas is collected from gas well clusters to the CNG installation through pipelines with a diameter of 426 and 530 mm with a total length of 391.5 km. To prevent hydrate formation, methanol pipelines are laid parallel to the gas collectors.
Infrastructure
Since 2006, the previously poorly populated Yamal Peninsula has been actively developed by construction and contracting organizations. On the map of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, new residential settlements appeared. In the area of the Bovanenkovskoye field, construction is underway of priority life support facilities, social and transport infrastructure, designed to ensure the timely construction of production facilities, gas treatment at the Bovanenkovskoye oil and gas condensate field and uninterrupted operation of the field for the entire period of operation.
In 2007 alone, 36 facilities were commissioned, among which the list of especially significant included:
- fire stations;
- water treatment, sewer;
- shift housing estate;
- base of the department of work supply.
Industrial construction
In accordance with the approved Gazprom investment program, in 2008, 29 priority construction projects, a rotational complex, auxiliary power station, 110 kV transmission line, as well as transport infrastructure facilities of the Kharasavei settlement were commissioned.
The commissioning of the gas rescue station, the base of the underground overhaul of the wells allowed the service companies involved in the construction and reconstruction of previously drilled wells to be brought to the Bovanenkovskoye oil and gas condensate field .
In 2009-2010, the Bovanenkovskoye field acquired new facilities. Much attention was paid to the construction of systems directly related to gas production, the preparation of hydrocarbons for transportation. Currently, production wells are being actively drilled, facilities for gas treatment facilities are being built.
Innovative activity
With the beginning of the development of the Yamal Peninsula, in particular during the active construction of structures at the Bovanenkovskoye field, numerous difficulties arose during the construction and operation of structures. We had to work in conditions of the spread of icy, dispersed, permafrost soils. Unprecedented in terms of complexity, geocryological conditions, remoteness from construction industry enterprises and rudimentary transport infrastructure put all services in need of improving approaches to the design, construction and operation of the complex. It was necessary to ensure the technological, economic and environmental attractiveness of the project.
The Bovanenkovskoye gas field has become exemplary in terms of solving the problems of developing Yamal. A comprehensive program of innovation policy includes:
- the use of construction technologies that increase the reliability of gas production facilities in permafrost soils;
- increasing the efficiency of field development;
- ensuring safe exploitation of deposits;
- the use of energy-saving technologies;
- environmental protection;
- dissemination of positive experience in promising fields.
Thermal stabilization
The construction of facilities using vapor-liquid thermal stabilization systems of permafrost soils operating using natural cold can be put first in a series of new technologies. In the most difficult geocryological conditions of the Yamal Peninsula, this technology ensures the design temperature conditions of frozen base soils and prevents the development of accidentally dangerous deformations of buildings and structures.
The use of this technology in the estuarine zones of the wells of the Bovanenkovskoye field makes it possible to protect ice rocks from thawing under the influence of the produced fluid. Thermostabilization of icy permafrost rocks in the mouth areas of gas wells in combination with the use of elevated heat-insulated pipes makes it possible to ensure the stability of the lining of the wells in the interval of occurrence of permafrost rocks, foundations of wellhead pipelines, bundles and cluster mounds.
The Bovanenkovskoye field has become a testing ground for 21st century technology. The methods of building buildings and structures on a natural basis using vapor-liquid thermal stabilization systems provide the following advantages:
- reduction of metal consumption and the cost of foundations up to 50% during the construction of structures with floors on the ground without ventilated undergrounds;
- two-three-fold reduction in construction time;
- the ability to reliably control the thermal regime of frozen soils of the bases, and therefore their reliability.
Screw Anchor Piles
The next, no less important technology is the construction of foundations from screw anchor piles. Smooth metal foundation pipes, often used on construction sites in Western Siberia, are imperfect. They have low bearing capacity, low stability in frozen rocks, material consumption and other disadvantages. The use of screw anchor piles gives the following advantages:
- increased stability with respect to the tangential forces of frost heaving;
- decrease in material consumption of foundations and construction time;
- 2-3-fold increase in the bearing qualities of piles with a decrease in immersion depths to 6 meters
- durability of foundations in the most difficult soil conditions;
- absence of “wet” processes (immediately after installation the pile is ready to transfer the design load);
- application of a unified method of piling immersion in problematic (in geocryological terms) construction sites.
Bovanenkovo field on the map
Until recently, the Bovanenkovskoye field was listed only on geological maps as a promising gas and oil production facility in the long term. Discovered in 1971 by the Soviet geologist Vadim Bovanenko, it was not developed, since efforts were concentrated on larger (Yamburg and Urengoy) deposits.
The Bovanenkovskoye field is located in the west of the Yamal Peninsula. The pool is completely on land, which facilitates its development. The western border of the site is located forty kilometers from Sharapov Shar Bay (Kara Sea), the eastern - closer to the center of the peninsula. The Naduy-Yakha, Se-Yakha and Mordy-Yakha rivers flow in the gas production zone, which imposes stringent requirements on the environmental component of the project.