In the glorious and powerful Russian language, there are two special non - conjugated forms of the verb, one of which is known to us as participle. It represents an independent part of the speech of the Russian language, which serves to indicate an additional action in the main. The participle combines the grammatical properties of both adverbs and verbs and answers questions like: “what are you doing?”, “What are you doing?” . For example: looking down, flashing a dagger, loving nature, smiling thoughtfully, trying to do homework and so on. Most often performs the role of circumstances.
The construction of the participle with dependent words in the sentence is called the participle turnover. It denotes additional actions that are performed by the same acting subject, person or phenomenon as the main actions. It should always be separated by commas on both sides. For example: Flowers, having closed colored petals, fell asleep. Closing the colored petals, the flowers fell asleep. Flowers fell asleep, closing colored petals.
Sentences with a participial turnover are most often used in written speech than in oral. They are also used in one-part, definitely personal sentences, for example, with verbs in the form of an imperative mood. However, it is also possible to use the infinitive of an impersonal sentence with participle turnover. Examples: The sun was setting, filling everything around with red. He listened carefully, smiling from time to time.
It should be remembered that a sentence with a participial turnover cannot be used if:
1. An impersonal sentence does not have an infinitive to which turnover should be attributed, but there is a totality of a verb - a predicate with a noun or pronoun as a complement.
2. The participle turnover refers to the passive participles, since in this case the subject of the action expressed with the help of the predicate and the subject of the action expressed with the help of the separate participle do not coincide.
3. If the verb-predicate takes the form of a future tense.
In addition, do not forget about the style of the sentence with the participle turnover, namely:
- such turnovers are shorter and more dynamic than their equivalent forms of contingent contract proposals.
- the participle turnover cannot express the meaning of time, reason, condition, therefore, if it is necessary to preserve the semantic connotation of one of the types of contract proposals, it cannot be replaced with the participial revolution;
- It is not recommended to start a paragraph or sentence for them, as this increases its volume and gives a dry, stencil, clerical value to the whole text;
- since there is a semantic proximity of the participles to contract proposals, that is, the possibility of their interchange - this should be remembered. For example: Having worked well in May, in June you can relax a bit. After we did a good job in May, in June you can relax a bit.
- avoid concurrent use of synonymous structures, as this contributes to the diversity of speech, avoids monotony. For these purposes, sentences with participatory circulation are excellent.