MTZ-82 universal reliable tractor has long been widely used for mechanization of manual labor. The machine is indispensable for logging, road, construction, transportation of various cargoes and, finally, in agriculture. It is equipped with two axles - front and rear.
Front axle MTZ-82: device, spare parts
The front axle is one of the most important components of the machine. It connects the mechanisms responsible for transmitting torque from the cardan transmission to the front drive wheels and is responsible for the turns and stability of the entire vehicle, through it the motor forces from the wheels are communicated to the entire skeleton.
Manufacturers currently offer consumers MTZ-82 tractors with both portal and beam FDA. In the photo, the front MTZ-82 bridge is shown in general form. On this tractor, for practical reasons, it is not hidden by decorative panels.
The MTZ bridge - 82 front portal type is designed in such a way as to create a high (650 mm) ground clearance, allowing work on aisles with tall crops. It performs important functions of obtaining the torque from the cardan drive and feeding it to the front axle of the tractor, provides rotation and stabilization of the wheels, which positively affects the maneuverability and controllability of the machine.
In addition, it reduces the load on the transmission units, has a
simple mechanism for changing the gauge size, which makes it possible to perform work on different row spacing. This design has been used for a long time on tractors of the MTZ-80/82 line.
Main nodes
At the front axle MTZ-82 distinguish the following components:
- beam;
- main gear;
- differential mechanism;
- final drives (wheel reducers).
The beam of the bridge is installed in front of the half frame. The front axle housing MTZ-82 was hinged.
This gives some free swing of the node across the skeleton of the machine. In the covers of the tubular body on the left and right are the side axles of the side, enclosed in casings. In the center of the FDA, parts of the central gear and differential are placed inside their housings.
Central gear unit
The main parts of this unit are the driving and driven gears. It performs the functions of receiving and supplying torque to the differential. The drive gear occupies a position across the bridge, is mounted through a flange on the driveshaft. The driven gear of the GP coupled to it is at right angles to it and is rigidly attached to the differential shaft, with which it rotates.
To achieve smooth grip and reduce noise during operation of the unit, gears are made with spiral teeth. The mounting nut at the end of the universal joint is also used to adjust the entire assembly.
Differential
It is at the front axle MTZ-82 self-locking, placed in a case of similar halves. They contain two pairs of satellites located on the axles, two semi-axial gears, as well as pressure cups and blocks of friction discs. This unit combines both FDA semi-axes with its mechanism, preventing non-synchronous slipping of the wheels and increasing the unit's traction power.
It is important to pay attention! The same marking number is applied to the body of the structure. When assembling a unit, it is necessary to combine these numbers on compatible parts.
To support the desired pressure in the cavities of the gearbox, a breather is mounted in the front axle housing of the MTZ-82.
Onboard
It is a gearbox that increases the torque and gives it to the wheels, and also gives them the necessary direction.
The main details of the mechanism of the onboard gearbox of the MTZ-82 front axle are the pair combinations of gears located at the top and bottom of the assembly. The upper pair is formed from a semi-axial gear and a gear of a short shaft placed in a king pin pipe.
Below the drive (receiving rotational movement from the shank of the aforementioned shaft) and driven gear (attached through a flange on the wheel hub) are working below. Both pairs of gears are equipped with their own grease fittings, in which the lubricant recommended by the manufacturer must be constantly maintained.
The half shafts of the MTZ-82 front axle are enclosed in housings connected in a sliding way to the covers of the tubular skeleton of the PVM. This alignment method is used to increase or decrease the track size by simply moving the axle housings.
The vertical shaft of the front axle MTZ-82 can be attributed to the number of original engineering solutions.
Its device and installation in the on-board allow not only to transmit rotational motion to the drive gear, but also to carry out synchronous operation of the hinges. The part is made in the form of a steel shaft, on one end of which there is a bevel gear, and slots are cut on the other.
With slots, it engages with the final drive gear, and the upper part enters into interaction with the semi-axial gear. In the MTZ-82 front axle system, a short shaft needs to be periodically checked for the condition of gears and shaft slots; if any deformations occur, it should be replaced.
Drive Mechanism: Transfer Case
The front axle drive MTZ-82 comes from the gearbox through the razdatku and driveline. The transfer case gear can be seen to the right of the gearbox to which it is attached. The main parts are mounted on the shaft in the gearbox. A cardan shaft is connected to the end of this shaft through a flange.
Rotational movement from the gearbox comes through a gear system to the freewheel. The entire mechanism is controlled through a gear clutch, which can move along the shaft, occupying a certain position. Her movements are carried out by traction extended into the cabin.
Cardan drive
The front axle drive MTZ-82 has two equivalent shafts and an average support. Each shaft is made as a steel pipe with hinges at the ends, in the form of forks welded to it. With special flanges, these parts are attached to the razdatka, middle support and main gear. The support located between the driveshafts transmits rotational motion from the intermediate to the front driveshaft. The mechanism is placed in a cast-iron cast-iron housing, attached to the clutch box from below. In the support housing there is a unit with a sleeve and a shaft, to which cardan tubes are attached from different sides by means of fasteners, and a special coupling with friction clutches. The power of the torque from the clutch is adjusted by tightening the springs compressing the friction clutches. This is done with a nut located on the shaft end of the support shaft.
Beam bridge
If reinforcement of the tractor front axle is required, you can either install a beam bridge on the machine or purchase a special MTZ-82.1 model, on which a reinforced FDA and wide front tires are installed. The beam bridge is highly durable. It is able to tolerate significant (up to 1,000 kg and above) loads, which compares favorably with its portal counterpart.
Its shortcomings - a limited track and not so high ground clearance - make it inappropriate to use it in many agricultural operations, therefore, machines with a reinforced bridge are more suitable for use in the communal sector, in heavy areas in forestry and construction.
Front axle MTZ-82: spare parts
More than two-thirds of the details of the MTZ tractor line are unified. Therefore, almost all spare parts for MTZ-82 are available for ordinary consumers. They can be purchased both in parts stores and in the secondary market. This also applies to the MTZ-82 front axle, spare parts for which are sold both in the form of individual parts, and in the form of specific assemblies, including a bridge assembled at the factory. For example, bridges produced both under power steering and under mountain.
Today, the most popular front axles with wheel brackets on 8 bolts with hydraulic booster, used on a wide variety of models of the MTZ-82 family. This design is more modern, reliable and practical. Bridges adapted for hydrovolume control (GORU) are among the latest innovations.
Currently, such nodes are put on machines both directly by manufacturers and by the owners of tractors themselves. In addition, the manufacturer began to produce sets of spare parts, using which, it is possible to remake previously manufactured PVMs under power steering to new components for power steering. All nodes of the MTZ82 FDA can be purchased as spare parts.
You need to know that some parts are inappropriate to buy separately. It is important to purchase them in the kit.
So, in the event of a failure of one gear of the main gear, you will have to change the pair completely. Replacing one leads to an early failure of both gears.
Today it is possible to reinstall the FDA for MTZ-82 on its own to the MTZ-80 model car. To do this, it is enough to buy the appropriate set of nodes: PVM MTZ-82, the drive shaft assembly, the transfer case, together with the gear and the gearbox shaft.