Today’s minute of educational program in Russian will be devoted to the spelling of vowels -I- or -Y- after prefixes. The choice fell on this topic, since misconceptions regarding the use of a particular vowel are quite common in our time, when there is confusion when spelling only two vowels -I - / - - both in the minds of schoolchildren and students, and adults due to a lack of understanding . For example, how do you write the word: “Played” or “Played”?
How is this possible?
Some of you may be outraged: “How can you spell a word wrong here? More likely to ponder the “go / kill”, “heaven / know” pairs, but “played” or “played” ?! ” Unfortunately, practice shows (and scribblers prove this): you can write incorrectly with ease ... if you don’t know the rule.
So how will it be right: “played” or “played”? Until we deliberately begin to give a ready answer, because this is an ineffective way for the mind - without awareness and understanding. There is a certain rule, knowing which by heart along with exceptions, you will not have to guess at all. Therefore, if you do not remember them, you should read the article to the end. That's not for long.
How not to do?
What does the majority of those who do not remember the existing rule (or do not know at all) do? There are two possible misconceptions from the category of "guesses":
So, to the question "Played" or "Played" some of those who do not remember the rules will be happy for the letter -I-, guided by the selection of the supposedly "test" word "game". It seems logical. Logically, but what about the pronunciation, because we don’t say that ?!
Here others may come into discussion (again from those who do not remember the rules) who will stand behind the letter -Y- when choosing a vowel, since it is during pronunciation that it is clearly pronounced and heard. But then they begin to think about the root -game- in the word "game" ... And doubts begin ...
It is already clear that both approaches to choosing the right vowel are wrong. Someone, perhaps, was close to the correct answer, and even accidentally voiced it, but the argumentation of the choice was wrong.
How to?
There is a spelling rule -I - / - S- after prefixes that end in a consonant. In such cases, it is always the letter that is heard, that is, -Y-. This is all the rule! And here are the exceptions (when -I- is written), which must be remembered:
- exception No. 1 - a list of compound words (pedInstitute - from the Pedagogical Institute);
- exception No. 2 - words in which the prefix ends with lingual and hissing consonants (super-informative, inter-hierarchical);
- exception No. 3 - words with prefixes (and particles) that are borrowed from other languages (counter-, sub-, des-, super-, post-, pan-, trance);
- Exception 4: Take the word.
Now we know the rule with all the nuances. So, back to the question: "PLAYED" or "PLAYED"? How right? "
Of course, only in this way: "Played", "Subtract" and "well-known." The spelling of these words is determined by the general rule, they do not fall under the exception.