Everyone knows that our body is 70-80% water, apples - 85%, but jellyfish - 99%. The first living cell on our planet was born in water, the embryo develops in the aquatic environment, only in this environment all metabolic processes can take place in the cells of our body. During life, a person drinks an average of 35 tons of water. There is much talk today about the quality of the water we drink. From the article you will learn about groundwater and the purest Cenomanian water.
Surface and artesian
Groundwater, which lies at a depth of 150 meters, is called surface. All groundwater reserves that lie below are called artesian. These are formation waters that are located in rocks between two watertight layers. The composition of artesian waters depends on the composition of the strata and the time of occurrence in them. Artesian waters do not participate in water exchange with surface waters, the chemical composition of artesian waters is practically stable and does not contain biological pathogens.
Surface water is dangerous
Groundwater in the upper layers is very vulnerable. As a result of direct contact and water exchange with the surface, ammonia and nitrate, heavy and alkaline earth metals are accumulated in them.
But what about the wells? Everyone knows that the water in the wells is clean. This is completely wrong. And numerous media publications about the ingress of various substances hazardous to human life into wells from underground water only confirm this.
We call springs water streams that come to the surface from the bowels. But the depth of the source of most springs also does not exceed 150 meters. And accordingly, such waters are subject to external pollution, depending on seasonal phenomena (floods, showers). The quality and purity of spring water is difficult to guarantee.
Cenomanian skyline
The occurrence of groundwater is divided in depth into horizons. Cenomanian water lies at a depth of 60 to 160 meters and is limited to limestone rocks of the Upper Cretaceous. This is the last period of the Mesozoic era, which began 145 million years ago and lasted 79 million years, becoming the longest in the Mesozoic. Cenomanian waters are protected by layers of clay and chalky limestone. They have a stable composition and good quality.
The cleanest water
As already mentioned, the chemical composition of Cenomanian water depends on its occurrence and the surrounding rocks. One thing is for sure - the waters of this layer are mineral and require virtually no treatment for human consumption. It does not get pollutants from the surface, it has no bacterial pathogens and it tastes good.
The salinity of the Cenomanian waters is low: iron - not more than 0.3 mg per liter, magnesium - up to 50 mg per liter, calcium - from 30 to 140 mg per liter. Stiffness indicator - not more than 7.
Exceptionally useful
Doctors unanimously consider these waters to be beneficial. They have no biological pathogens, and salts and minerals are necessary for all living organisms.
And although in most cases it requires minimal purification, but these costs are incomparable with any other waters.
In addition, it is artesian water that is the supply of fresh water that is not subject to the negative impact of human activities. And obtaining it requires much less effort and economic costs than the purification of groundwater or open water.
As a rule, Cenomanian water contains fluorine, iron, potassium and magnesium. Impurities of salts of alkaline earth metals are rare and are an exception. The density of Cenomanian water is in the range of 1010-1210 kg / m 3 .
Water in the oil industry
Oil and gas fields in Western Siberia use the method of producing these hydrocarbons using Cenomanian water. The gas reserves in this region, which are located in the Cenomanian tier, consist almost of pure methane. That is why it is cheap and requires almost no processing.
But the water here is used for oil production in a secondary way. This means that when the natural pressure resource in the well is exhausted, Cenomanian water is introduced into the reservoir to ensure oil recovery. But with this method of production, there is one drawback - oil is heavily waterlogged (sometimes up to 95%). Calculation of separators for the degassing of Cenomanian water and the separation of oil from the mixture in this case is quite complicated. But today there are filters that allow not only to isolate oil, but also to purify water, making it suitable for human consumption.
Interesting water info
Here are just a few facts that the reader might not have known about.
- The cleanest water is in Finland. This was the conclusion of the UNESCO Commission, having examined natural water in 122 countries.
- The most expensive water is sold in Los Angeles (USA) and costs $ 90 per liter. It has an optimal acid-base balance and is extracted from the shelf ice of the Arctic.
- Water is the carrier of disease. 85% of diseases from which about 25 million people die every year in the world are transmitted through water.
- If a person loses 2% of water from his mass, then he has a strong thirst. With a loss of 10% of water, auditory and visual hallucinations appear. If the losses are 20%, nothing will save a person.
- Without food a person can live up to 6 weeks, but without water only up to 7 days. For our body, this is the second most important resource after oxygen.
Summarize
If you decide to install a well on your infield, try to reach the waters of the Cenomanian and Jurassic horizons. After all, it is precisely such water that is considered the purest and extremely useful. And in addition, you will save on biological filters and purification from impurities and suspensions.