Declination of nouns is not the most interesting topic in the school curriculum. And what could be interesting if everything is based on stupid cramming? And that which is boring is given worst of all.
You can add some jokes to the tiresome process of remembering. For example, our grandmothers also remembered the order of cases using a funny rhyme in which the first letter of each word corresponded to the first letter of the case name.
Ivan - nominative
gave birth - genitive,
girl - dative
ordered - accusative,
lug - instructive
diaper - prepositional.
It’s easy to learn such a rhyme. And now, in memory, cases are lined up by themselves!
However, even knowing the names of cases, to overpower the declension of nouns is not an easy task. After all, you still need to learn questions! And again, there is a rhyme-proverb “About Masha” to help students:
Masha has no sweets -
I'll give Marusa chocolates.
I see : Masha is masterful,
Not playing, not happy .
What is she thinking about ?
Cases have nothing to do with it!
Meticulous students will be surprised: “And what is the connection between some wayward Masha and the topic that we are considering?” Of course, there is no special connection here. But one who carefully looks at the rhyme will notice that in each line, either at the end or at the beginning, one word is highlighted.
These are “magic” help words. They will help us to remember case questions, and there, you see, the declension of nouns, joking and playfully, will be mastered.
So, we begin with the second case - the genitive, since the nominative usually does not cause difficulties. The word “no” is highlighted in the first line. This is an auxiliary word for the genitive. We say the word “no,” and the questions ask themselves: “What or who is not?”
The next line gives us the auxiliary word “dame”, and we know that after the genitive comes the dative case. By analogy with the previous case we say “ladies” and continue: “To whom or what?”
Further, the word “see” prompts the questions: “Who or what?” This is an accusative case. “Not happy” - “By whom or what?” - instructive. “Thinks” - “About whom or what?” - prepositional.
So, we learned the cases, remember the questions. Now a more difficult topic: the distribution of nouns by declension. Usually at school begin to learn the declension of nouns with 1 declination.
You can again resort to the rhyme rote.
Tanya, Petya and Arisha,
Misha, Tolya, Vasya, Grisha -
At the end there is “A” and “I” -
This is my whole family!
It follows from the quatrain that words with the endings “A” and “I” of both masculine and feminine are related to 1st declension.
Generic nouns should be assigned to the 2nd declension. Also included are masculine nouns without endings. And, of course, a rhyme-crammer to help:
A horse rode across the cloud
A goose flew over the lake.
In the field, the breeze was naughty,
The boy poured tea in a saucer.
The third declension should include nouns ending in , feminine, without endings.
Writing case endings in nouns 1 declension usually causes particular difficulty in writing. For clues, you can use the "doll".
In doubtful cases, we substitute the word “doll”, and if “Y” sounds, we write bravely “I”, since this is probably a genitive, and if we do not hear “Y”, we need to write in the end of “E”. By the way, in the word "doll" too.
In the second declension, we check the endings with a “horse”, just remember that there is an analogue of a solid ending.
Adjectives are even simpler. Declination of adjectives is a simple matter. The case of them corresponds to the case of the noun to which they refer, and the ending is checked by the question: what is it with the question, so will the adjective.