In ancient times, people had to manually mow crops. Today, thanks to technical development, a modern person harvests with special machines, on which a nozzle called a header is put on. This significantly speeds up the implementation of agricultural work and allows you to quickly collect a large volume of crops. What do the reaper - described in this article.
What is a reaper
When harvesting sunflower, corn and most crops, a reaper is used. It is a special agricultural device for mowing plants.
The header is a metal product that is attached to the combine. The cutting elements of the nozzle are made of cast iron or high strength steel. On the fixed parts, counter plates are attached. The movable knife of the unit consists of plates of a triangular shape. During reciprocating movements of the cutting elements of the header, the crops are mowed.
The classic and basic purpose of the nozzle is cutting plants. But this is not the only solution. What else do the reaper do, apart from cutting the stems? The fact is that there are two types of machines: platform and screw type. The first nozzle is used only for mowing. A screw reaper is used both for its intended purpose and for harvesting.
Machine features
The header is used to perform such functions:
- crop mowing;
- transportation of mowed mass;
- Harvesting
All mechanisms on the market are used for harvesting. But depending on the model, the nozzle may perform additional functions. For example, a legume harvester is used to collect and stack green peas, beans, dead grain, sugar beets in a roll. It is also used to mow fields where legumes were grown. This is the answer to the question of what make the reaper.
Header Types
Today, agricultural equipment manufacturers produce these types of reapers:
- Mounted.
- Trailed.
- Self-propelled.
The mounted header is used for separate harvesting and is intended for mowing and stacking cut grain plants in rolls. The mechanism is equipped with an exhaust window and a spindle-free reel with robust tines. Mounted headers are suspended on combines of various types. They are mainly used as nozzles for the Yenisei, Sibiryak and Niva models.
The mounted header provides:
- high productivity of mowing works;
- harvest mechanization;
- high-quality laying of the roll.
The trailer header is transported by the tractor as a trolley, which prevents the destruction and deformation of the nozzle during operation. This mechanism is very simple and reliable to use and is used in all soil zones. The trailed type of mechanism does the same work as a reaper of a different type.
Self-propelled header allows for two-phase harvesting of crops. That is, at first the crops are mowed and formed into rolls that lie on the field until the combine picks them up. This machine is used for collecting grain, oilseeds , fodder plants and for harvesting haylage.
Self-propelled machine is characterized by high productivity and high level of safety. Its main advantages are an increase in harvesting time, uniform ripening of crops, a decrease in quantitative losses during mowing plants and the ability to double rolls in case of low yields.
Sunflower header
This mechanism is an indispensable tool in the season of gathering Pancake week crops. It is a separate nozzle that is mounted on a combine.
Manufacturers of such machines are constantly developing new models in which they introduce innovative technologies. Thanks to constant updating, this combine header is adapted for use in various conditions.
All models of the sunflower machine are equipped with special parts that make it possible to harvest in areas with difficult terrain, different types of soil, as well as in conditions of different humidity of mowed crops. This nozzle allows you to collect plants even in difficult weather conditions. For example, in case of frost, strong gusts of wind or during rain.
Due to its technical characteristics, the header for collecting sunflower is often used for mowing corn and some types of sorghum.
Important product benefits:
- the presence of baskets for seeds, a conveyor for stems and a vibratory conveyor;
- the ability to adjust the width of the channel along which the conveyor moves, which allows you to collect different varieties of sunflower;
- movement speed adjustment.
Grain reaper
The equipment is used for harvesting rye, wheat and oats. It is a separate unit, which is used in combination with a combine harvester, tractor or self-propelled chassis.
The header for crops is used for single and two-phase harvesting. In a single-phase process, the mechanism mows the plants and immediately delivers the cut mass to the combine threshing machine. For two-phase harvesting, roller-type grain reapers are used, which first lay the beveled stems in the rolls, and then the harvester collects them for subsequent processing.
Designs of different models of grain reapers may vary. So, depending on the location of the cutting parts, front and side aggregates are distinguished. Also, different types of nozzles can form rolls in one, two or three streams. It depends on the number of built-in conveyors.