The adjective expresses the attribute of the subject, describes it in form, color, quality, origin and other characteristics. They are also called epithets. Interestingly, in English adjectives (adjectives) do not vary in numbers, gender and cases.
Kinds
English adjectives come in two forms. Let's consider each separately:
1. Quality - talk about the size, taste, shape, color of the object. For instance:
- great [great] - large, huge, large;
- low [low] - low, low;
- square [squee] - square, rectangular;
- soft [software] - soft, gentle;
- sweet [sweet] - sweet, sugary;
- spicy [ˈspicey] - spicy, aromatic;
- blue [blue] - blue, blue;
- color [ˈkale] - color, color.
2. Relative - explain what the object is made of, its origin, location, belonging to something. These adjectives do not have degrees of comparison. For instance:
- stone [stone] - stone, stone;
- apple [Apple] - apple, apple;
- Russian [ˈrashen] - Russian;
- Latin [ˈ] - Latin, romance;
- south [south] - south;
- underwater [ˈandegˈuote] - underwater;
- student [ˈstudent] - student;
- economic [ˌˈ] - economic.
Word formation
In English, adjectives are also divided by word formation methods:
1. Simple - consist only of the root, do not have a prefix or suffix. For instance:
- long [womb] - long;
- nice [nice] - cute;
- red [red] - red.
2. Derivatives - are formed by adding a prefix and / or suffix. For instance:
- wonderful [Quandeul] - wonderful;
- unusual [anyujuel] - unusual;
- incorrect [ˌinkurekt] - wrong.
3. Complex (compound) - consist of two bases. These adjectives are hyphenated. For instance:
- alcohol-free [elkahol-free] - non-alcoholic;
- black-white [black-white] - black and white;
- well-known [well-known] - well-known.
The order in the sentence
In English, adjectives are used in a certain sequence:
1. Most of them in the sentence are faced with a noun. For instance:
- I read an amazing story yesterday. - Yesterday I read an amazing story.
- You have great hair. “You have gorgeous hair.”
2. If in a sentence English adjectives refer to an indefinite pronoun, then they are used after it. For instance:
- Today it will be something interesting. - Today there will be something interesting.
- I didn't see anything unusual. - I did not see anything unusual.
3. If there are several adjectives, then they are put in a certain sequence:
1) Article, numeral:
- second [ˈ second] - the second;
- the [ze] - this one, that one.
2) Opinion, assessment:
- pleasant [ Pleasant] - pleasant;
- fearful [ˈ] - scary.
Size 3:
- high [high] - high;
- short [shot] - short.
4) Condition, characteristic:
- warm [wom] - warm;
- special [ˈ] - special.
5) Age:
- olden [ouldden] - ancient;
- juvenile [ˈdzhuvinayl] - young.
6) Form:
- chubby [ˈchabi] - chubby;
- rectangle [ˈˌ] - rectangular.
7) Color:
- pink [pink] - pink;
- green [green] - green.
8) Origin:
- Korean [keˈrien] - Korean;
- Latvian [ˈ] - Latvian.
9) Material:
- glass [voice] - glass;
- wooden [] - wooden.
10) Application:
- cooking [ˈkukin] - culinary;
- schooling [ˈ] - school.
For example: Today in the garden I saw two beautiful little red squirrels. - Today in the garden I saw two beautiful little red squirrels.
Learn adjectives in English. Try to remember the rules for their use. Thanks to the proper use of adjectives, your foreign speech will become more expressive and brighter.