Despite the fact that the sentence is the smallest unit in the language that has a communicative function, the types of sentences are very diverse.
In Russian, they can be divided into several categories. One of them is the purpose for which this construction is used. With the help of the syntactic structure, we can simply transmit information, ask questions, force someone to fulfill a request or order. Depending on this orientation, the types of sentences for the purpose of the utterance are divided . There are only three of them:
narrative, containing a regular message or transmitting information (How beautiful summer evenings are in Priozerye. I know that it will rain today).
The incentives, the focus of which is an order, encouragement to action or request (Sing me a song. Quickly bring me a book. Please give me that box).
Interrogative (How are you? How much does it cost? When will you be back?).
Any sentence, simple or complex, exclamatory or not, can be pronounced with calm intonation, or it can carry expansion. This allows you to share all kinds of sentences for emotional coloring, that is, they can be non-exclamatory or exclamatory. The latter during the pronunciation are characterized by a special intonation, and an exclamation mark is placed on the letter at the end of them . (The evening is beautiful. How beautiful the evening!)
If we consider sentences from the point of view of grammatical basis, then we can distinguish
By the presence of secondary members or their absence, the types of proposals are divided into
From the fact whether all the necessary members are in place or some of them are absent, one can judge whether the proposal is complete or incomplete. (I work as a teacher (full). My sister is a doctor (incomplete)).
In addition to these categories, offers can be divided into simple and complex.
Simple sentences are constructions in which there is one grammatical basis. (A moon-like moon hangs in the sky). Complicated sentences consist of several parts, each of which has a grammatical basis. (The moon hangs in the sky, which is very similar to a ball).
Consider the types of communication in the sentences.
In a simple leading connection, the subordinate. This means that each word (member of the sentence) depends on another, i.e. from one word to another you can ask a question. This does not apply to subject and predicate, between which there is a special connection. All kinds of sentences, even single-word ones, are a construction that implies, although it does not mean a subordinate connection with other words. (It gets dark) or (It gets dark early in the summer).
Homogeneous terms in sentences are connected by homogeneous members. (Slowly, but steadily, we were approaching the goal. Both adults and children were very excited).
The subordination in the sentence may be
coordination when the forms of the main and dependent words coincide (Red flag; second student)
adjacency when one of the words in the sentence is unchanged (Quickly leave; very early).
Management, when the main word requires a certain dependent form (Lie on the table; enter the house).
It should be remembered that these types of communication do not extend to the grammatical basis, compound predicate, introductory word.
Parts of a complex sentence may be related:
By a connecting connection (The sun is shining and the rain is drizzling. Calendar winter has arrived, but it’s still warm outside).
Subordinate (I will leave earlier today because they are waiting for me at school.)
Bessoyuznoy (I will leave earlier: they are waiting for me at home. I left the classroom - everyone made a noise.)