Morphological analysis of a noun: example, main points

Morphological analysis of a noun, an example of which we will consider in this article, is a very popular type of work in Russian language lessons. The fact is that in this way you can easily understand how well students are oriented in the topic regarding this part of speech.

What covers the morphological analysis of the word (noun)? Examples are provided for your attention.

Noun as part of speech

The noun is very common in Russian. It is called to name the objects and phenomena that surround a person. And there are a lot of them. A quarter of all the words we use are nouns.

This part of the speech answers the questions: "who?" or "what?". It all depends on whether the object is animated or not. In addition, one should not forget about case issues.

Carrying out the morphological analysis of the noun (we will demonstrate an example later), it should be noted that several meanings of this part of speech can be distinguished:

1. Specific. They denote tangible objects, for example: a book, a magazine, a table, a person, a bird.
2. Real. They denote any substance - coffee, sugar, water, silk.
3. Distracted. Designate phenomena that cannot be felt: thought, love, teaching, crying.
4. Collective. They mean a lot as a whole - students, children, midges, foliage.

Permanent and intermittent symptoms: what is the difference

Any morphological analysis of a word, with or without examples, includes an enumeration of features. In any variable part of speech, they will be divided into permanent and non-permanent.

The fact is that almost any part of speech (except for the participle and adverb) can change its form. The noun is also subject to change. Depending on the grammatical structure of the sentence, we use different endings - this is called shaping. Similar signs will be unstable. For a noun, these are numbers and cases.

Intermittent morphological characters are unchanged regardless of grammar. A noun will always be of a certain kind (masculine, middle or feminine) or declension (first, second or third). In addition, we can definitely speak of his animated or inanimate nature, as well as whether it is its own or common noun.

General grammatical meaning

To prove that we need a specific part of speech before us, it is necessary to begin the morphological analysis of the noun. Example:

We flew by plane to the resting place.

By plane (what?) - a noun, because it means an object.

In addition, you must specify the initial form (the word is put in the nominative case of the singular). In this case, the initial form will be the plane .

We give another example where the general grammatical meaning will be an abstract concept:

All sorts of thoughts visited Natalia before going to bed.

Thoughts (what?) Are a noun, because denotes an abstract concept. The initial form is thought .

Persistent symptoms

In the analysis of parts of speech, it is also necessary to indicate constant morphological characteristics. Let us dwell on them in more detail. First, we determine whether we have a noun or a common noun.

Most of the words of this part of speech in the Russian language are common, i.e. they call homogeneous objects and phenomena. Their distinguishing feature is that they are written with a small letter if they are not at the beginning of the sentence: machine, table, book, person, tree . Own nouns denote unique objects and phenomena - these are all kinds of toponyms, names and surnames.

Secondly, we determine animation. If a noun refers to wildlife, it will be animated, otherwise it will not.

The declination category also refers to constant morphological characters. In Russian, there are three declensions. Their table is provided in the article.

The gender of the noun also refers to permanent features, it is unchanged in this part of speech.

Inconsistent symptoms

During the analysis of a part of speech, formative or inconstant signs are necessarily indicated. Without them, morphological analysis of a noun is impossible. Examples:

Tourists leisurely approached the lake.

To the lake - used in the dative case, singular.

The girl stood outside the office door and did not dare to enter.

Behind the door - used in the instrumental case, plural.

Thus, we refer the case and number to the inconstant morphological features of the noun.

Syntactic role

The syntactic role in the sentence completes the morphological analysis of the noun. Example:

Because of the clouds a gentle spring sun appeared .

Appeared (from where?) Because of the clouds . The noun cloud is a circumstance with a preposition. When written, it can simply be emphasized accordingly.

There is another noun in the sentence - the sun .

There was (what?) The sun . In a sentence, it is subject.

Parse Example

How does the morphological analysis of nouns look completely? The outline and sample of the written review are as follows:

1. General grammatical meaning. We indicate what question the word answers. What it calls is an object, an abstract concept, substance or has a collective meaning.
2. Initial form. It is necessary to put the word in the nominative case of the singular.
3. Permanent morphological signs. Common or own, category of animation, declension, gender.
4. Signs are fickle. We clarify in what form the noun is used in this sentence, taking into account the number and case.
5. The syntactic role. Be sure to indicate in the phrase with the question. We must not forget about the preposition relating to this member of the sentence.

As an example, we will analyze all the nouns from the sentence:

All the guys ran onto the field to enjoy the warm summer rain.

1. Guys (who?) - a noun, calls a collective image.
2. The initial form is children .
3. Permanent characteristics: common noun, animate, 1st declension, feminine.
4. Variable characteristics: used in the singular form (it has only this form, because it is collective) of the nominative case.
5. The guy ran out (who?) - in the sentence is subject.

On the field (what?) - a noun, because calls the subject.

1. The initial form is the field.
2. Permanent characteristics: common noun, inanimate, 2 declination, neuter gender.
3. Variable characteristics: used in the accusative singular.
4. I ran out (where?) To the field - in the sentence is a circumstance with a pretext.

Rain (what?) Is a noun, because calls the phenomenon of nature.

1. Initial Form - Rain
2. Permanent characteristics: common noun, inanimate, 2 declension, masculine gender.
3. Variable characteristics: used in the dative singular.
4. Rejoice (why?) Rain - in the proposal is an addition.