A pronoun is a part of speech that designates an object or its attribute, but does not name it. The first category of this part of speech is personal pronouns, which, as a rule, play the role of nouns. Let's look at their features in a foreign language. We perfectly know personal pronouns in Russian and skillfully use them in our speech (both oral and written). But since we are not native English speakers, we cannot intuitively understand the rules for using this or that form of pronoun. The thing is that this part of speech is slightly different in its grammatical features in both languages. Of course, personal pronouns in English and Russian vary in numbers and persons. But besides this, there are many differences that significantly affect translation and understanding.
So, personal pronouns in the English language in the sentence can stand in the nominative and "object" cases. As a rule, they appear in the role of the nominal part of the compound predicate or act as the subject: It is her (component of the nominal predicate). I remember that girl (subject).
Note that the concept of object case is absent in the Russian language. In it, such pronouns act as a complement, direct or indirect. In this case, expressions used in folk wisdom are very common.
Characteristically, the personal pronoun I is never written in lowercase, regardless of the position in the sentence. Moreover, if it is used together with other personal pronouns or nouns, then it should be after them: You and I can do it right now.
If you consider the English language in terms of etiquette, you can also find some features. Those who know him a little are faced with the fact that in him the concepts of “you” and “you” do not literally differ. To understand who is in question, you need to get acquainted with the context.
Of course, the opinion immediately arises that the British and Americans are too familiar with each other and “poke” each other, respecting neither age, nor status, nor subordination. But it is not so. Most likely, they, on the contrary, turn to everyone on “You”, which is evidenced by the presence of the obsolete form “thou”, which just means “you”. But around the 18th century, she disappeared from colloquial speech, and it can only be found in religious writings. Because the personal pronoun You now replaces these two forms.
Translating the pronoun It into Russian, we are guided by the fact that it means "it." But this is not its full meaning, because in English this word replaces the names of any animals and the names of inanimate objects, and the gender is not important here. Interestingly, the pronouns He and She are also applicable to animals, but only when they characterize pets. It can be translated as “It”: It is a boy - This is a boy. The last function of this pronoun is that it acts as a formal subject in such impersonal sentences, in which a narrative is made about the time, the distance made or the estimated distance, and also about the weather in general.
When translating, it is very important to remember that third person pronouns are used in place of nouns. The fact is that in English this property affects the choice of the desired form of the verb.
They are used to refer to both animate and inanimate objects.
In general, when analyzing personal pronouns in both languages, it should be noted that there are more similarities than differences between them. However, this does not mean that they are absolutely identical and do not require additional study and analysis of existing features. Language is, first of all, a product of national consciousness. Therefore, before engaging in translation, it is necessary to carefully study all the available features in order to cope with the task.