Local computer networks are usually organized within the same enterprise. Usually these are subscribers located at a short distance. Sections of about 10-15 km are generally considered such a distance. Installation of local computer networks is carried out with the aim of solving the problems of the enterprise, which include the need for general data storage, data concentration, processing, providing universal access for network users, as well as the exchange of information and data within the network (including processed data).
Such networks are characterized by separate data processing. This is expressed in the fact that the user sends a request to the server and waits for a response. The server, in turn, stores the necessary
information, processes the received request and returns the data already processed to the user. Local computer networks are often built on these principles, they are also called "server-client".
There are peer-to-peer networks and multi -peer networks that have a special server. Local computer networks with a peer-to-peer construction system are characterized by the absence of a server, and all computers act as both a client and a server. Such a scheme is quite functional and can be used in small offices. Dual-rank local computer networks are formed using a separate server and the rest of the mass of computers, data about which must be registered on the server.
Modern systems are characterized by a mixed type of construction. This means that part of the subscribers are united in a peer-to-peer structure, and the other part is a peer-to-peer participant.
Communication channels between subscribers form nodes, when they are drawn, you can get a drawing similar to a bus. Such a system has its own peculiarity. The computer can receive data all the time, but it can transmit it only when the bus channel is free. At the time of data transfer, each participant checks whether the information is addressed to him, and accepts it if he is the addressee.
There is a slightly different way to build. Conventionally, it is called a star. Schematically, this system is a server that is connected in parallel with the mass of computers. Maintenance of local computer networks of this kind is much more expensive than in the first embodiment. But any problem can be found and resolved as soon as possible, and the process of input or output from the network of any device is not accompanied by any inconvenience.
The bandwidth of the "star" is quite high and is limited only by the power characteristics of certain nodes. Data in such networks do not collide and do not interfere with each other. Currently, combined construction technologies are often used. They are also called hybrid. This allows you to minimize the cost of networking and get rid of the shortcomings of basic building solutions. Regardless of how computers are connected to the production network, you should remember about data security and take care of the use of the necessary encryption protocols.