We all periodically encounter such circumstances when it is necessary to provide medical care, but there is no specialist nearby. But there are things that you need to know yourself, for example, how to give injections. In principle, it is quite simple, but not everyone knows how to give an injection subcutaneously.
First, you need to know that injections are of different types: intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous. Intramuscular injection can be performed by anyone, despite medical qualifications. And I will not write how to do injections intravenously or subcutaneously, it is better to entrust them to doctors.
Before making injections, you need to know, in fact, the place for the injection. The outer upper square is the best place for an injection. For intramuscular injection, it is necessary to use a special long needle. Do not use short needles for intramuscular injection , which are used for subcutaneous injections. A long needle must be inserted over its entire length. Read the instructions on how to give injections.
First you need to wash your hands, preferably with soap. Next, you need to pick up an ampoule with medicine, so that there is no medicine left in the ampoule, you need to tap on it with your fingernail. Next, you need to process the ampoule at the incision site with alcohol. Using a special file, it is necessary to make notches at the base of the thick part of the ampoule, then wrapping it in a napkin, with a light effort, break the ampoule at the site of the cut. After that, you need to open the syringe package and put the needle on the syringe without removing the cap. Remove the cap from the needle and holding the ampoule, draw an injection of medicine into the syringe .
In order to release air from the medicine, hold the syringe upright, and when tapped with a fingernail, air bubbles will rise up. Next, you need to carefully release a little liquid, until then, until drops emerge at the end of the needle. In this case, it is necessary to direct the syringe to the side, so as not to get liquid into the eye. After that, put the cap back on the needle.
Once you have decided on the place for the injection, wipe it with an alcohol solution. To reduce pain, it is necessary to squeeze the skin in the place where the injection will be, and then stick the needle with a sharp movement of the hand. It should be borne in mind that the needle must be immediately inserted at the required depth. Then slowly inject the medicine. When everything is finished - remove the needle and press a cotton wool with alcohol solution to the injection site. Now you know how to give injections.
What errors occur during the injection?
There are cases when, for some reason, instead of the necessary drug, another one was introduced, which was not necessary. In this case, ice should be immediately applied to the injection site, it will prevent the absorption of the drug. Call your doctor and observe the reaction to the drug for an hour.
There is also no need to touch the needle with your fingers, if you still allowed the open needle to come into contact with any surface, it must be replaced.
If the injection is intramuscularly performed shallow, and at the injection site a seal has appeared, it is necessary to attach a container of warm liquid to such a place, preferably a heating pad.
If it enters the vessel, it is necessary to press strongly at the injection site with cotton wool with alcohol solution and hold for at least 5 minutes, after which you also need to apply ice.
Note that you can not give an injection if the reaction to the drug is unfamiliar, and the patient has the likelihood of allergic reactions. If a patient has an itch, redness, respiratory complications or nausea after an injection, an ambulance must be urgently called, as this can be anaphylactic shock.