The study of syntax causes certain difficulties, which is associated primarily with a variety of constructions and concepts. A complex sentence is characterized by the presence of several predicative parts, which can be independent. This is a complex proposal. And they can be dependent and main - this is a complex proposal. The article deals with NGN with relative determinants.
Compound sentence with subordination of parts
Sentences, where one part is main and others dependent, may be different in structure and in meaning of subordinate parts. If the subordinate part of the NGN answers the questions of indirect cases, then this is the explanatory part. For instance:
- Peter claimed that he was not at the meeting.
- Catherine understood why they were doing this work.
- The cat knew that for her antics she would be punished.
In cases when the question of circumstance is asked to the subordinate part, this is the subordinate circumstantial sentence. For example:
- They met in the park when the demonstration ended.
- Since the storm began, the trip on the ship had to be postponed.
- Maxim was where his friends lived.
For NGN with relative determinants, the question “what” is asked. For instance:
This bird, which flew over the sea several times, is called a loon.
The boy, whose parents worked at the facility in Sochi, showed excellent results in sports.
The estate, which is located within the reserve, is a museum.
Punctuation in NGN
What are the punctuation marks in a compound sentence? In Russian grammar, it is customary to separate the main part from the subordinate with commas. In most cases, it precedes the union or the union word (the union word is a member of the proposal, you can ask a question): " Tourists stopped for the night in a tent city, because they still had a long way to go to the mountains."
There are many examples where the comma is placed in the final part of the main part, but not before the union / allied word (this is especially often observed in SPP with relative determinants): " The path to the source lay through the gorge, the location of which was not known to many."
In cases where the subclause is located in the middle of the main, commas are placed on both sides of the dependent part: "The house they moved to was more spacious and lighter."
Punctuation marks in a compound sentence with several subordinate clauses are placed according to the same syntactic rules: after each part there is a comma (most often before unions / allied words). For example: " When the full moon rose, the guys saw how mysteriously the sea waves splash, the sounds of which they heard a long time ago."
Clause
- The definitive dependent part reveals some features of the word indicated in the main part. Such an accessory part is comparable to a simple definition: “It turned out to be a wonderful day” / “It turned out to be the day that we had been dreaming of for a long time”. The difference is not only syntactic, but also semantic: if the definitions call the object directly, the subordinate part draws the object through the situation. With the help of conjunctive words join the SPP with the relative clauses. Example sentences:
- The car that Maria bought in Japan was reliable and economical.
- Misha brought apples from the garden, where pears and plums also grew.
- Father showed trips to Venice, where the whole family will go in September.
At the same time, there are allied words that are basic for such sentences: “which”, “whose”, “which”. Others are considered non-core: "where," "what," "when," "where," "where."
Features of the clause
Having briefly described the main characteristics of the structures, it is possible to compile a small synopsis of "SPP with the relative determinative." The main features of such proposals are disclosed below:
- These are complex sentences, in which the dependent part, which characterizes one of the words in the main sentence, asks the question "what".
- A feature of this type of subordinate clause is their fastening with the main part only with the help of allied words
- Connective words can appear anywhere in the dependent part: at the beginning, in the middle, and even at the end (" Their daughter, they spare nothing for that - a sweet and kind girl").
- The subordinate definitive part may be in the middle of the main.
- It may depend on such a word in which there is an indicative pronoun: " In the place where the boat was lowered, a thick reed grew."
Definitive sentences
From SPP with relative clauses, where the dependent part refers to a noun with a demonstrative pronoun, it is necessary to distinguish those that depend on the demonstrative pronoun itself. Such sentences are called pronouns. For comparison: “ He who will not be allowed to pass the test who has not passed the laboratory work” / “ Those students who have not passed the laboratory work will not be allowed to the test”. The first sentence is a pronoun-definitive, since in it the subordinate part depends on the indicative pronoun "that", which cannot be removed from the sentence. In the second sentence, the dependent part refers to the noun “students”, in which there is a demonstrative pronoun “those”, and it can be omitted, therefore, it is an accessory definitive.
Related exercises
To consolidate the above theoretical information will help the test "SPP with relative determinants."
- In which sentence is the NGN presented with the relative definitive.
a) Yegor was informed about the incident late that he did not like.
b) Due to the fact that the meeting was delayed, the lawyer was late for the meeting.
c) The grove, where many birches grew, after rain beckoned mushroom pickers.
d) The sea was calm when they went ashore.
2. Among the sentences, find the pronoun.
a) He has not yet been seen as he was at the meeting yesterday.
b) The city that appeared on the horizon was Beirut.
c) Everyone liked the thought that came to his mind.
d) The school her sister attended was in another city .
3. In what version of the answer does the subordinate part break the main?
a) He does not understand Pushkin, who did not read it with his soul.
b) The water in the river that was on the outskirts of the city was icy.
c) His friend was invited to his birthday, whom he met at the conference.
d) Vasily called the doctor whose number was given by Daria Nikolaevna.
4. Indicate the relative clause.
a) He knew where the cargo was delivered from.
b) The country where he came from was in the center of Africa.
c) Where Michael came from was known only to his father.
d) She went to the window from where the voices came.
5. Indicate the sentence with the pronoun-definitive clause.
a) The street that ran parallel to the avenue was the oldest in the city.
b) The one in the yellow suit turned out to be Ipatov’s wife.
c) That girl who met Nikolai in the park was familiar to his sister.
d) Lydia was attracted by the song that the children performed from the stage.