Even from school, we remember what the sacraments and participles are. There is no need to speak about the mystery of these parts: the question of their place in the morphology of the Russian language has not yet been resolved. Their main signs, features and differences will be considered in our article.
Verbal formations
The fate of these parts of speech remains unknown. In the modern school curriculum, depending on the author of the educational complex, the concept of what the participles and participles are interpreted in different ways. Some authors, such as Razumovskaya, rightly consider them to be peculiar forms of the verb. Undoubtedly, there is some truth in this, since the participles and participles from the verb were formed.
However, Babaitseva, the author of the well-known teaching materials, considers them as completely independent parts of speech that have a set of distinctive features.
Both of these versions have a right to exist, they are logical, and each of them can be reasoned in its own way.
Here is such a mysterious, Russian language. Communion and participle are special forms that make our speech more dynamic and colorful.
Communion Turnover
Any part of speech is remarkable in its own way. And what are participles and germs, what do they do in a sentence special that other parts of speech cannot? Their main distinguishing feature is the formation of revolutions. This happens when one of them has dependent words.
For example: A girl walking in a summer garden, admiring nature . If we carefully consider this proposal, we will see that from the sacrament “walking” one can ask the question “where?”. The answer will be the phrase "in the summer garden." This means that we have a communion turnover. It is much more literate and prettier to use speed than to endlessly repeat the word “which”.
Do not forget to put commas if the participle turnover is after your defined word (here it is “girl”). When parsing, the question arises: how to emphasize it? Everything is simple here: we ask a question from the defined word: (girl) what? It is answered by a minor member of the sentence, known to all of us - the definition. Therefore, it is worthwhile to emphasize the whole revolution with a wavy line.
In the case when the turnover goes in front of its definite word, everything is different. There is no need to put commas. The syntactic function of such a turn is different - each part of the speech in it is emphasized independently of each other.
Participial turnover
With him, things are a little different. Firstly, the participle itself may not contain any dependent words, but, nevertheless, it will be highlighted with commas. Linguists call him solitary.
For example: Without hesitation, he rushed into a burning house to save people.
As you can see, the participle is very similar in meaning to the adverb (here it answers the question “how?”). You can even replace it with this part of the speech: Quickly, he rushed into a burning house to save people.
As in the case of the brother-communion, germs can subjugate words and thereby form a circulation. Since in a proposal it always plays only one role, it is customary to call it a separate circumstance. You won’t be too smart with punctuation marks: commas are always placed. And you do not need to look at how the defined word is located relative to this turnover.
For example: Without completing homework, Misha went for a walk.
“Without fulfilling” the sacrament we ask the question “what?” and we get the answer - "homework". Before us is the sacrament involved.
Suffixes of participles and participles
Word formation of each part of speech is studied by schoolchildren, starting from the fifth grade. Some of them (for example, a noun and an adjective) have several ways for new words to appear: not only prefix and suffix, but also addition and abbreviation. With participles and adverbial participles, everything is simpler: their main way of word formation is suffix. It is by this morpheme that we distinguish them from other parts of speech.
Knowing what the sacraments and participles are, memorizing suffixes will be easy. You need to know a few simple rules. Do not forget that the sacraments are divided into two large groups: real and passive.
The real participles in the present tense have the following suffixes: rest / singing (dancing, singing), scaffold / box (screaming, flying) .
In the case of the sufferers, it is em (oscillated), om (attracted), it (dependent).
When the participles are in the past tense, we will distinguish them also by pledge.
Valid reason : - vsh- (bought), w (grown).
Stradd.prich. : - t- (chopped), -en- (scrolled), -nn- (measured).
The main thing to do is to correctly determine the part of speech. Then the suffixes of participles, participles are much easier to remember. Moreover, they are similar to each other.
The adverbs have no collateral category, they differ only in time. Right now: - but (slowly), -I (guessing), -uchi (being), -uchi (happily ever after) . Elapsed time: -in (having done), -lice (not knowing).
Conclusion
Suffixes of participles and participles are easily remembered in practice. It is enough to complete several exercises on this topic to consolidate their spelling. Despite the apparent complexity of these verb forms, they will not be particularly difficult for those who carefully read the rule.