Organization of an effective and reliable air ventilation system at the enterprise is the first step towards creating comfortable working conditions for employees. Ventilation of premises can be carried out in a natural and forced way. In the second case, industrial fans are required for operation, the effectiveness of the entire ventilation system will depend on the technical characteristics of which.
The main characteristics of the fans
Fans - electromechanical devices designed to move air masses through the ducts, direct supply or intake of oxygen from the premises. Forced air circulation in the building occurs by creating a pressure differential between the inlet and outlet wells with the installed equipment.
The efficiency of a fan does not always depend on its power. In most cases, the following technical characteristics of industrial fans are decisive:
- air consumption - the volume of displaced air masses for a given period of time (m 3 / h);
- total pressure - determines the speed of the air flow (Pa);
- rotation frequency - shows how quickly air circulation starts (rpm);
- power consumption - the amount of energy expended during operation (kW);
- the level of sound produced - has a direct effect on the degree of noise discomfort (DB).
The final determining parameter is the coefficient of performance (COP), which shows how efficiently the fan operates. When determining this parameter, the energy losses due to friction and volume losses are taken into account.
Features of industrial fans
Depending on the indicators of the technical characteristics of industrial fans, the efficiency of the entire ventilation system is found. Devices of this category are used where it is necessary to supply large volumes of air to rooms or remove from rooms - in apartment buildings, hotels, shopping centers.
The productivity of industrial plants can reach 75 thousand cubic meters per hour. The most common are three types of fans:
- axial - are installed in small buildings and small enterprises, have low productivity;
- ducted - used for efficient ventilation of a large number of enclosed spaces;
- centrifugal - the most powerful of the presented installations, used at industrial facilities;
The technical characteristics of industrial fans must match the functional purpose of the building. The right choice of equipment, compliance with the regime and operating conditions will ensure effective ventilation and create a comfortable microclimate for work.
Axial fans
Axial devices are used in stationary ventilation and air heating systems. Their main advantage is a simple design, which leads to durability and maintainability. They are ideal for temperate and subtropical climates.
The performance of axial industrial fans varies from 1.2 to 72,000 m 3 / h. At the same time, the power of the plants is measured in units of kilowatts. However, the level of noise they produce is quite high. It begins to grow from 75 dBA, which corresponds to a lively conversation noisy company of friends.
Duct fans
Channel devices are the most common. They are used for ventilation of office premises, hospitals, schools, kindergartens and other municipal and administrative buildings. The noise level they produce is less than 75 dBA, which, when dissipated, does not exceed 58 dBA, which complies with European standards for Class A office premises.
Most devices have adjustable blade speed. The size of the equipment does not exceed 32 cm, the rated power varies from 42 to 290 watts. Duct fans are most beneficial for office space.
Centrifugal fans
The case of centrifugal devices is made in the form of a spiral, which gives additional centrifugal force to the air flow when it is sucked from the ventilation well. Therefore, such devices are used as industrial exhaust fans. Centrifugal units are able to create pressure in the system up to 10 kPa and accelerate air flows up to 200 m / s.
A wide range of device performance allows you to choose the best option for each specific case. However, such fans are rather bulky and often require a separate room for installation. Only developed enterprises can afford their installation.