Many people know that a kitschka is a headdress that is mentioned in literature and in folklore. But here is the answer to the question of what exactly it is, most likely, will cause difficulty. And this term also has other interpretations. More details about the fact that this is a kitsch will be described in the article.
Regional term
All interpretations of the studied lexeme in the dictionary have the mark “regional”. That is, the use of the word "kitsch" is characteristic of a particular locality.
The first version of the interpretation is a headdress worn by married women, mainly in the Russian north.
Examples of use:
- In one of his works, A. S. Pushkin, who loved and studied Russian antiquity, lovingly called Moscow a premium old woman, "in a respectable little bitch, in a shushun."
- "The women were wearing festive little bracelets decorated with variegated lobes, as well as golden magpies and beaded cuffs; they had new bast shoes on their feet. So they stretched along the road to the city, ahead of the old women in similar kiches, but already under white covers."
- "Natalya quickly straightened the keezka on her head, from under which thick blond hair fell out, put on red shoes, a retinue on her shoulders and ran out into the street."
- "On the street he came across a woman in a hurry somewhere, wearing a horny little kitty and a rude male Armenian."
- "On the porch there was a cheeky ruddy girl in bagels, with cats on her legs, in a beaded kitten, she clicked nuts and chuckled every now and then."
Other values
The dictionaries provide two more variants of the meaning of “kitsch”, which are used at the regional level.
- The first of them says that this is the bow, the front of the river ship.
- And the second interprets this word as the name of a variety of objects that protrude forward or are the top, part of something. As an example, we can consider the upper part of the clamp, crown, chimney.
What did the headdress look like?
For a better understanding of the fact that this is a kitch, it is worth considering its appearance. She looked like an open crown, decorated with beads, pearls, other types of precious stones.
Another kitsch was called not only the entire garment, but also its lower part, made of glued canvas. Due to the fact that this part was used to cover the hair, it was also called the hairline.
Using inserts consisting of solid materials, one of which was birch bark, they shaped the horns, scapulas or hooves. Beaded cuffs were put on from the back, and an elegant magpie was thrown on top. This is the genus of a kitsch, which was worn on the forehead slightly lower, and on the sides - slightly higher than it. He was the richest of all the garments.
When did you wear a tart?
For the first time in a document dating back to 1328, “human” is mentioned. Kitshki with horns began to be worn in ancient times. Features of this form are associated with beliefs that existed at that time.
A little later, a kitschka is an attribute inherent in both a newlywed and a married woman. The reason for this was that, unlike the “crown” of the girl, this headdress completely hid her hair. Because of this, the kitty was called the “crown of marriage”.
Mostly kitschas were worn in such provinces as Ryazan, Tula, Kaluga, Oryol, and also in some southern ones. In the 19th century, the Orthodox clergy began to persecute the wearing of a kitschka, demanding the use of a kokoshnik as a female headdress.
Therefore, by the beginning of the 20th century, this piece of clothing was almost everywhere replaced by a scarf or warrior. The latter was a hat made of linen, sometimes having a solid gown decorated with galloon. He completely covered his hair, braided in two braids and laid up, and protected them from tangling. One more headdress was worn on top.
Very rarely, a kitsch could be seen in the southern Russian regions. As a wedding dress, she remained in the Voronezh region until the 1950s.